Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Jul 12;10(3):207-219.
doi: 10.34172/hpp.2020.34. eCollection 2020.

Social-Ecological measure of resilience: an adapted measure for Persian-speaking university students

Mohammadali Amini-Tehrani  1   2 , Mohammad Nasiri  1 , Raheleh Sadeghi  2 , Elahe-Sadat Hoseini  1 , Tina Jalali  2 , Hadi Zamanian  3   2
Affiliations

Social-Ecological measure of resilience: an adapted measure for Persian-speaking university students

Mohammadali Amini-Tehrani et al. Health Promot Perspect. .

Abstract

Background: There is no validated instrument for Persian-speaking students to apply the social-ecological resilience theory (SERT), which emphasizes the ecological resources for developing resilience. The study aimed at developing the student social-ecological resilience measure(Student-SERM) in Iran's context. Methods: Three separate samples of undergraduates participated in this mixed-methods research from the University of Tehran, Iran. Phase-1 qualitatively explored the resilience features in the university setting, to devise the university-specific subscale (USS). Phase-2piloted the construct validity and reliability of the Student-SERM in 242 undergraduates, who also completed Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Phase-3, as a cross-validation study, investigated 487 undergraduates, who completed the refined Student-SERM, HospitalAnxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and three indices screening academic performance, loneliness, and suicide acceptability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson's correlation, and Cronbach's alpha were performed. Results: Phase-1 yielded nine items for USS. In phase-2, EFA indicated the construct validity of the main 20-item measure (RMSEA=0.06 and SRMR=0.04) and the nine-item USS (RMSEA=0.07and SRMR =0.04), and the reliability and convergent/divergent validity were confirmed. In phase-3, EFA (RMSEA=0.07 and SRMR=0.04) and CFA (RMSEA=0.07, CFI=0.89, TLI=0.87,and SRMR=0.07) in two separate subsamples and CFA (RMSEA=0.06, CFI=0.92, TLI=0.90,and SRMR=0.06) in the total sample indicated the construct validity of the refined Student-SERM, including family, peer, culture, growth, and USS subscales. The reliability and convergent/divergent validity were also reconfirmed. Conclusion: The Student-SERM incorporates ecological resources, accounting for the students'resilience. Since the resilience process involves a return to healthy functioning after adversity, further research can examine the application of Student-SERM in high-risk student populations.

Keywords: Ecology; Psychological resilience; Psychometrics; Self-assessment; Young adults.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Southwick SM, Bonanno GA, Masten AS, Panter-Brick C, Yehuda R. Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2014;5. 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ungar M. Social ecologies and their contribution to resilience. In: Ungar M, ed. The Social Ecology of Resilience: A Handbook of Theory and Practice. New York, NY, US: Springer Science + Business Media; 2012. p. 13-31. 10.1007/978-1-4614-0586-3_2 - DOI
    1. Ungar M, Ghazinour M, Richter J. Annual research review: what is resilience within the social ecology of human development? J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013;54(4):348–66. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12025. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ungar M, Liebenberg L. Assessing resilience across cultures using mixed methods: construction of the child and youth resilience measure. J Mix Methods Res. 2011;5(2):126–49. doi: 10.1177/1558689811400607. - DOI
    1. Liebenberg L, Ungar M, Vijver FVd. Validation of the child and youth resilience measure-28 (CYRM-28) among Canadian youth. Res Soc Work Pract. 2012;22(2):219–26. doi: 10.1177/1049731511428619. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources