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Case Reports
. 2020 Sep;29(9):105016.
doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105016. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

Hemorrhagic stroke in setting of severe COVID-19 infection requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)

Muhammad J Zahid  1 , Anam Baig  2 , Nestor Galvez-Jimenez  3 , Nydia Martinez  4
Affiliations
Case Reports

Hemorrhagic stroke in setting of severe COVID-19 infection requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)

Muhammad J Zahid et al. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To highlight the increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke secondary to postulated COVID-19 mediated vasculopathy with concomitant ECMO related bleeding complications.

Background: COVID-19 has shown to be a systemic illness, not localized to the respiratory tract and lung parenchyma. Stroke is a common neurological complication. In particular, critically ill patients on ECMO are likely at higher risk of developing hemorrhagic stroke.

Case presentation: 38-year-old man presented with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Due to severe respiratory failure, he required ECMO support. Subsequently, he was found to have left temporal intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Overall, his clinical course improved, and he was discharged with minimal neurological deficits.

Conclusion: Although intracranial hemorrhage is a known complication of ECMO, patients with COVID-19 infection may be at a higher risk of cerebrovascular complications due to vasculopathy.

Keywords: COVID-19; ECMO complications; hemorrhagic stroke; intracranial hemorrhage on heparin.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1
Brain CT without contrast demonstrating left sub-insular intraparenchymal hemorrhage with surrounding vasogenic edema.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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