Supracondylar Humerus Fractures

Excerpt

Elbow fractures are more common in the pediatric population than in the adult population. Children often utilize an outstretched arm as a protective mechanism when falling, creating a high incidence of fractures about the elbow. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus account for up to 18% of pediatric fractures and 60% of elbow fractures. In 1959 Dr. Gartland described that even expert trauma surgeons are anxious and apprehensive while managing supracondylar humerus fractures. Despite evolutions in the evaluation and treatment over the years, these fractures still pose considerable challenges to orthopedic surgeons.

The modified Gartland classification is often used to describe fracture patterns and guide treatment. These injuries can be significant due to the risks of neurological damage, vascular injury, and compartment syndrome. Inadequate reduction and fixation can also lead to malunion and deformity. On the other hand, some patients who develop a malunion may have a satisfactory function in the long term.