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. 2020 Aug 1;5(7):430-441.
doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190024. eCollection 2020 Jul.

Three-dimensional printing in orthopaedic surgery: a scoping review

Jasmine N Levesque  1 , Ajay Shah  1 , Seper Ekhtiari  2 , James R Yan  2 , Patrick Thornley  2 , Dale S Williams  2
Affiliations

Three-dimensional printing in orthopaedic surgery: a scoping review

Jasmine N Levesque et al. EFORT Open Rev. .

Abstract

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has become more frequently used in surgical specialties in recent years. These uses include pre-operative planning, patient-specific instrumentation (PSI), and patient-specific implant production.The purpose of this review was to understand the current uses of 3DP in orthopaedic surgery, the geographical and temporal trends of its use, and its impact on peri-operative outcomesOne-hundred and eight studies (N = 2328) were included, published between 2012 and 2018, with over half based in China.The most commonly used material was titanium.Three-dimensional printing was most commonly reported in trauma (N = 41) and oncology (N = 22). Pre-operative planning was the most common use of 3DP (N = 63), followed by final implants (N = 32) and PSI (N = 22).Take-home message: Overall, 3DP is becoming more common in orthopaedic surgery, with wide range of uses, particularly in complex cases. 3DP may also confer some important peri-operative benefits. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:430-441. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190024.

Keywords: 3D printing; additive manufacturing; orthopaedic surgery; patient-specific instrumentation.

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Conflict of interest statement

ICMJE Conflict of interest statement: SE reports grants from the Research Institute of St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, PSI Foundation and Michael G. DeGroote Fellowship, not related to the submitted work. DSW is a consultant for Stryker and Intellijoint. The other authors declare no conflict of interest relevant to this work. OA licence text: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Conceptual representation of additive vs. subtractive manufacturing. Source. Modified from the United States Government Accountability Office.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
PRISMA flow diagram.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Number of included studies by year. Note. Data from 2018 does not include the full year as the search was performed in November 2018.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Risk of bias assessment diagram.
Fig. 5a
Fig. 5a
Forest plot of estimated blood loss based on high-quality studies.
Fig. 5b
Fig. 5b
Forest plot of operative time based on high-quality studies.
Fig. 5c
Fig. 5c
Forest plot of fluoroscopy shots based on high-quality studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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