The Role of Religiosity in Families at High Risk for Depression
- PMID: 32818148
- PMCID: PMC7430948
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2019.03.007
The Role of Religiosity in Families at High Risk for Depression
Abstract
Background: About forty years ago we began a study of the offspring of depressed (high-risk) and not depressed (low-risk) parents, matched for age and gender, from the same community. We interviewed all of their biological children, blind to the clinical status of the parents. Over the years, we returned to re-interview the families at baseline, 2, 10, 20, 25 30, and 35 years. As the years went by and the sample grew up, we also interviewed the third generation, the grandchildren. As technology became available, we included measures of electrophysiology and magnetic resonance imaging in order to better understand the mechanisms of risk. At the 10-year follow up, we included measures of religion and spirituality - namely, personal religious/spiritual importance and frequency of religious service attendance. We included these measures in all subsequent waves including a more extensive follow up of religious beliefs at the 35-year follow up.
Issues of focus: This paper describes the study design and highlights the key findings of the role of religious/spiritual belief in the transmission and endurance of depression using clinical and biological approaches.
Methods: We describe study findings based on clinical measures, as well as physiological measures that employed electrophysiology and magnetic resonance imaging.
Results: Taken together, the findings suggest that religiosity/spirituality is protective against depression in high-risk individuals at both clinical and physiological levels.
Implications: The findings suggest religiosity interacts with both culture and biology in its impact on depression.
Contexte: Il y a environ quarante ans, nous avons entrepris une étude sur la progéniture de parents déprimés (à risque élevé) et non déprimés (à faible risque), appariés par âge et par sexe, et de la même communauté. Nous avons interrogé tous leurs enfants biologiques, ignorant l’état clinique des parents. Au fil des ans, nous avons réinterrogé les familles lors des années 2, 10, 20, 25, 30 et 35. Avec le passage des années et la croissance de l’échantillon, nous avons également interrogé la troisième génération, les petits-enfants. Avec l’introduction de nouvelles technologies, nous avons aussi inclus des mesures d’électrophysiologie et d’imagerie par résonance magnétique afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de risque. Lors du suivi de 10 ans, nous avons inclus des mesures sur la religion et la spiritualité, c’est-à-dire l’importance personnelle de la religion/spiritualité et la fréquence de présence à des services religieux. Nous avons inclus ces mesures dans tous les suivis ultérieurs, notamment un suivi plus approfondi sur les croyances religieuses au terme de 35 ans.
Question principale: Ce document décrit la conception de l’étude et met en évidence les principales conclusions concernant le rôle des croyances religieuses / spirituelles dans la transmission et la persévérance de la dépression à l’aide d’approches cliniques et biologiques.
Méthodes: Nous décrivons les résultats des études basées sur des mesures cliniques, ainsi que des mesures physiologiques utilisant l’électrophysiologie et l’imagerie par résonance magnétique.
Résultats: L’ensemble des résultats suggère que la religiosité / spiritualité a un effet protecteur contre la dépression chez les individus à haut risque aux niveaux clinique et physiologique. Implications : Les résultats suggèrent que la religiosité interagit avec la culture et la biologie dans son impact sur la dépression.
Keywords: Clinical; Clinique; Longitudinal; Neurobiologie; Neurobiology; Religion / spiritualité; Religion/spirituality; Risk for depression; Risque de dépression.
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