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Review
. 2020 Sep;68(9):1764-1773.
doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_928_20.

Viral anterior uveitis

Kalpana Babu  1 , Vinaya Kumar Konana  1 , Sudha K Ganesh  2 , Gazal Patnaik  2 , Nicole S W Chan  3 , Soon-Phaik Chee  4 , Bianka Sobolewska  5 , Manfred Zierhut  5
Affiliations
Review

Viral anterior uveitis

Kalpana Babu et al. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020 Sep.

Abstract

Viral anterior uveitis (VAU) needs to be suspected in anterior uveitis (AU) associated with elevated intraocular pressure, corneal involvement, and iris atrophic changes. Common etiologies of VAU include herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, cytomegalovirus, and rubella virus. Clinical presentations can vary from granulomatous AU with corneal involvement, Posner-Schlossman syndrome, Fuchs uveitis syndrome, and endothelitis. Due to overlapping clinical manifestations between the different viruses, diagnostic tests like polymerase chain reaction and Goldmann-Witmer coefficient analysis on the aqueous humor may help in identifying etiology to plan and monitor treatment.

Keywords: Cytomegalovirus; herpes simplex virus; ocular hypertension; rubella virus; varicella-zoster virus; viral anterior uveitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

None

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Slit-lamp photograph of HSV AU showing granulomatous keratic precipitates adjacent to the inflamed cornea (a), iridoparesis (b) and diffuse iris stromal atrophy (c)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Slit-lamp photograph of VZV AU showing pigmented active keratic precipitates and D shaped pupil at initial presentation (a) and development of sectoral iris atrophy in the same eye over 6 months (b). External photograph showing facial scars of herpes zoster ophthalmicus scars over the left side of the forehead and nose (c)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Slit-lamp photograph of CMV AU in diffuse illumination showing a couple of granulomatous keratic precipitates in the center of the steamy cornea in an eye presenting acutely with elevated intraocular pressure typical of CMV associated Posner Schlossman syndrome (a) and diffusely distributed fine filiform keratic precipitates typical of Fuchs uveitis syndrome admixed with scattered pigmented, medium-sized keratic precipitates in an eye with cytomegalovirus chronic anterior uveitis (b)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Slit-lamp photograph of the right eye in a case of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis syndrome showing fine to medium-sized keratic precipitates on the corneal endothelium and moth-eaten appearance of iris
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

References

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