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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Aug 24;15(1):63.
doi: 10.1186/s13011-020-00301-6.

The prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mogesie Necho  1 , Asmare Belete  2 , Yibeltal Getachew  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mogesie Necho et al. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. .

Abstract

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) in HIV/AIDS patient's decreases adherence and effectiveness of medications and help-seeking to HIV/AIDS care and treatment. This study, therefore, assessed the average 1 year prevalence and associated factors of alcohol use disorder in HIV/AIDS patients.

Methods: We did an electronic data search on PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Psych-INFO libraries, African index Medicus and African Journals Online (AJOL). Google scholar was also investigated for non-published articles. The reference lists of published articles were also reviewed. The stata-11meta-prop package was employed. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were done. Cochran's Q-statistics and the Higgs I2 test were used to check heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger's test and funnel plots.

Results: Of 1362 articles identified using the search strategies; only 22 studies were included in the final analysis. The average 1 year prevalence of AUD was 22.03% (95% CI: 17.18, 28.67). The average prevalence of AUD in South Africa (28.77%) was higher than in Uganda (16.61%) and Nigeria (22.8%). The prevalence of AUD in studies published before 2011, 2011-2015, and after 2015 was found to be 13.47, 24.93, and 22.88% respectively. The average prevalence of AUD among studies with a sample size > 450 was 16.71% whereas it was 26.46% among studies with a sample size < 450. Furthermore, the average prevalence of hazardous, harmful, and dependent drinking was 10.87, 8.1, and 3.12% respectively. Our narrative analysis showed that male sex, cigarette smoking, family history of alcohol use, missing ART medication, mental distress, khat chewing, low CD4 count, and low income were among the associated factors for AUD in people with HIV AIDS. On quantitative meta-analysis for associated factors of AUD, the AOR of being male, Cigarette smoking and khat chewing were 5.5, 3.95, and 3.34 respectively.

Conclusion: The average 1 year prevalence of AUD in HIV/AIDs patients was high and qualitatively factors such as being Male, cigarette smoking, and khat chewing were associated with it. Therefore, clinical services for people living with HIV/AIDS should integrate this public health problem. Policymakers should also develop guidelines and implementation strategies for addressing this problem.

Keywords: AIDS; Africa; Alcohol use disorder; Meta-analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests existed for this work.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The PRISMA flow chart for the study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A forest plot for the prevalence of AUD in this study
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
A sub-group analysis of AUD based on sample size
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
A forest plot for hazardous alcohol use in this study
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
A forest plot for harmful alcohol use in this study
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
A forest plot for dependent alcohol use in this study
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
A funnel plot of publication bias for alcohol use disorder in this study
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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