Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Jul 31:2020:3920196.
doi: 10.1155/2020/3920196. eCollection 2020.

The Intricate Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Insulin Resistance (IR), and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Daniela Maria Tanase  1   2 , Evelina Maria Gosav  1   2 , Claudia Florida Costea  3   4 , Manuela Ciocoiu  5 , Cristina Mihaela Lacatusu  6   7 , Minela Aida Maranduca  8 , Anca Ouatu  1   2 , Mariana Floria  1   9
Affiliations
Review

The Intricate Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Insulin Resistance (IR), and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Daniela Maria Tanase et al. J Diabetes Res. .

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain as one of the most global problematic metabolic diseases with rapidly increasing prevalence and incidence. Epidemiological studies noted that T2DM patients have by two-fold increase to develop NAFLD, and vice versa. This complex and intricate association is supported and mediated by insulin resistance (IR). In this review, we discuss the NAFLD immunopathogenesis, connection with IR and T2DM, the role of screening and noninvasive tools, and mostly the impact of the current antidiabetic drugs on steatosis liver and new potential therapeutic targets.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
NAFLD, IR, and T2DM complex immunopathogenesis. T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; IR: insulin resistance; FFAs: free fatty acids; TG: triglyceride; ChREBP: carbohydrate response element-binding protein; SREBP1c: sterol regulating element-binding protein 1c; DAG: diacylglycerols; ROS: high reactive oxygen species;
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lindenmeyer C. C., McCullough A. J. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-an evolving view. Clinics in Liver Disease. 2018;22(1):11–21. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.003. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kleinert M., Clemmensen C., Hofmann S. M., et al. Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2018;14(3):140–162. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.161. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Younossi Z. M. The epidemiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clinical Liver Disease. 2018;11(4):92–94. doi: 10.1002/cld.710. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Younossi Z., Anstee Q. M., Marietti M., et al. Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2018;15(1):11–20. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.109. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Younossi Z. M., Golabi P., de Avila L., et al. The global epidemiology of NAFLD and NASH in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hepatology. 2019;71(4):793–801. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.06.021. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances