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. 2020 Aug 24;21(1):574.
doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-03570-1.

Bacteria drug resistance profile affects knee and hip periprosthetic joint infection outcome with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention

Bruno Alves Rudelli  1 , Pedro Nogueira Giglio  2 , Vladimir Cordeiro de Carvalho  2 , José Ricardo Pécora  2 , Henrique Melo Campos Gurgel  2 , Ricardo Gomes Gobbi  2 , José Riccardo Negreiros Vicente  2 , Ana Lucia Lei Munhoz Lima  2 , Camilo Partezani Helito  2
Affiliations

Bacteria drug resistance profile affects knee and hip periprosthetic joint infection outcome with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention

Bruno Alves Rudelli et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Evaluate the effect of bacteria drug resistance profile on the success rates of debridement, antibiotics and implant retention.

Methods: All early acute periprosthetic infections in hip and knee arthroplasties treated with DAIR at our institution over the period from 2011 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The success rate was evaluated according to the type of organism identified in culture: multidrug-sensitive (MSB), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MRB) and according to other risk factors for treatment failure. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistics.

Results: Fifty-seven patients were analyzed; there were 37 in the multidrug-sensitive bacteria (MSB) group, 11 in the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) group and 9 in the other multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MRB) group. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the treatment failure rate among the three groups: 8.3% for the MSB group, 18.2% for the MRSA group and 55.6% for the MRB group (p = 0.005). Among the other risk factors for treatment failure, the presence of inflammatory arthritis presented a failure rate of 45.1 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: DAIR showed a good success rate in cases of early acute infection by multidrug-sensitive bacteria. In the presence of infection by multidrug-resistant bacteria or association with rheumatic diseases the treatment failure rate was higher and other surgical options should be considered in this specific population. The MRSA group showed intermediate results between MSB and MRB and should be carefully evaluated.

Keywords: Acute post-operative infection; Antibiotics and implant retention); Complications; DAIR (debridement; Multidrug resistant bacteria; Periprosthetic joint infection; Total hip arthroplasty; Total knee arthroplasty.

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Conflict of interest statement

Not applicable.

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