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Comparative Study
. 2020 Nov;23(4):146-153.
doi: 10.1136/ebmental-2020-300148. Epub 2020 Aug 24.

Daily self-reported and automatically generated smartphone-based sleep measurements in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder, unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy control individuals

Sharleny Stanislaus  1   2 , Maj Vinberg  3 , Sigurd Melbye  3   2 , Mads Frost  4 , Jonas Busk  5 , Jakob Eyvind Bardram  5 , Maria Faurholt-Jepsen  3 , Lars Vedel Kessing  3   2
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Daily self-reported and automatically generated smartphone-based sleep measurements in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder, unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy control individuals

Sharleny Stanislaus et al. Evid Based Ment Health. 2020 Nov.

Abstract

Objectives: (1) To investigate daily smartphone-based self-reported and automatically generated sleep measurements, respectively, against validated rating scales; (2) to investigate if daily smartphone-based self-reported sleep measurements reflected automatically generated sleep measurements and (3) to investigate the differences in smartphone-based sleep measurements between patients with bipolar disorder (BD), unaffected first-degree relatives (UR) and healthy control individuals (HC).

Methods: We included 203 patients with BD, 54 UR and 109 HC in this study. To investigate whether smartphone-based sleep calculated from self-reported bedtime, wake-up time and screen on/off time reflected validated rating scales, we used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and sleep items on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17-item (HAMD-17) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).

Findings: (1) Self-reported smartphone-based sleep was associated with the PSQI and sleep items of the HAMD and the YMRS. (2) Automatically generated smartphone-based sleep measurements were associated with daily self-reports of hours slept between 12:00 midnight and 06:00. (3) According to smartphone-based sleep, patients with BD slept less between 12:00 midnight and 06:00, with more interruption and daily variability compared with HC. However, differences in automatically generated smartphone-based sleep were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Smartphone-based data may represent measurements of sleep patterns that discriminate between patients with BD and HC and potentially between UR and HC.

Clinical implication: Detecting sleep disturbances and daily variability in sleep duration using smartphones may be helpful for both patients and clinicians for monitoring illness activity.

Trial registration number: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02888262).

Keywords: adult psychiatry; depression & mood disorders.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: LVK and MV has been a consultant for Lundbeck within recent 3 years. JEB and MF are co-founders and shareholders of Monsenso ApS.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sleep registration on smartphone-based application, Monsenso.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Clustered bar chart illustrating percentage of time with self-reported sleep duration by group.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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