Galeazzi Fracture Dislocations: An Illustrated Review

Abstract

Galeazzi fracture dislocations are a fracture of the distal one third of the radius shaft with a concomitant dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). These injuries usually occur by axial loading on an outstretched arm with pronation or supination of the wrist which determines the angulation of the fracture. Surgical treatment has been historically by the anterior (volar) approach to the forearm with plate fixation with or without pinning of the distal radioulnar joint. Failed or inadequate treatment may lead to complications including chronic pain, malunion or instability of the DRUJ that may warrant salvage procedures.

Keywords: distal radioulnar joint; fracture dislocation; galeazzi; radius fracture; tfcc.

Figure 1. Components of the interosseous membrane

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 2. Deforming forces acting on the distal fragment

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 3. Deforming forces acting on the distal fragment

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 4. Distal radioulnar ligaments

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 5. Apex volar galeazzi fracture

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 6. Apex dorsal galeazzi fracture

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 7. Diagnostic algorithm

Proposed by the author.

Figure 8. Anterior volar incision (Henry's Approach)

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 9. Superficial dissection

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 10. Deep dissection

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 11. Deep dissection

Original illustration by Alswaji G.F.

Figure 12. Treatment algorithm

Proposed by the author.