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. 2020 Aug 27;9(9):545.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9090545.

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Shedding by Dogs and Cats Hospitalized in an Emergency and Critical Care Department of a Veterinary Teaching Hospital

Anat Shnaiderman-Torban  1 , Shiri Navon-Venezia  2   3 , Efrat Kelmer  1 , Adar Cohen  1 , Yossi Paitan  4   5 , Haya Arielly  5 , Amir Steinman  1
Affiliations

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Shedding by Dogs and Cats Hospitalized in an Emergency and Critical Care Department of a Veterinary Teaching Hospital

Anat Shnaiderman-Torban et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) gut shedding in human medicine is considered as a major reservoir for ESBL-associated infections in high risk patients. In veterinary medicine, data regarding ESBL-PE gut shedding on admission to emergency and critical care department is scarce. We aimed to determine ESBL-PE shedding rates by dogs and cats in this setting and to determine the risk factors for shedding, at two separate periods, three-years apart. Rectal swabs were collected from animals, on admission and 72 h post admission, enriched and plated on Chromagar ESBL plates, followed by bacterial identification. ESBL phenotype was confirmed and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined (Vitek 2). Medical records were reviewed for risk factor analysis (SPSS). Overall, 248 animals were sampled, including 108 animals on period I (2015-2016) and 140 animals on period II (2019). In both periods combined, 21.4% of animals shed ESBL-PE on admission, and shedding rates increased significantly during hospitalization (53.7%, p-value < 0.001). The main ESBL-PE species were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for more than 85% of the isolates. In a multivariable analysis, previous hospitalization was a risk factor for ESBL-PE gut shedding (p-value = 0.01, Odds ratio = 3.05, 95% Confidence interval 1.28-7.27). Our findings demonstrate significant ESBL-PE gut shedding among small animals in the emergency and critical care department, posing the necessity to design and implement control measures to prevent transmission and optimize antibiotic therapy in this setting.

Keywords: ESBL-PE; antibiotic resistance; companion animals; emergency and critical care.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gut shedding of ESBL-PE in dogs and cats admitted to the small animal emergency and critical care department during two periods-study design.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Bacterial species isolated from dogs and cats on admission (I, n = 65) and 72 h post admission (II, n = 33) to the small animal emergency and critical care department. * A significant decrease in E. coli prevalence (p = 0.048).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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