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Review
. 2020 Aug 27;9(9):2774.
doi: 10.3390/jcm9092774.

Organoids in Translational Oncology

Marco Tatullo  1 , Benedetta Marrelli  2 , Caterina Benincasa  2 , Elisabetta Aiello  2 , Irina Makeeva  3 , Barbara Zavan  4 , Andrea Ballini  5   6 , Danila De Vito  1 , Gianrico Spagnuolo  3   7
Affiliations
Review

Organoids in Translational Oncology

Marco Tatullo et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Translational medicine aims to translate the most promising preclinical research into clinical practice. Oncology is a continuously growing medical field: the scientific research on cancer biology is currently based on in vitro experiments, carried out on tissue culture plates (TCPs) and other 2D samples. In this context, 3D printing has greatly improved the biofabrication of new biological matrices that mimic the extracellular environments, which may characterize healthy from cancerous tissues. Organoids have recently been described in several reports on scientific literature. The term that better describes such organoids-based tumoral tissues is "tumoroids". Tumoroids are substantially "tumor-like organoids", typically deriving from primary tumors harvested from patients. This topical review aims to give an update on organoids applied in translational medicine, paying specific attention to their use in the investigation of the main molecular mechanisms of cancer onset and growth, and on the most impacting strategies for effective targeted therapies.

Keywords: scaffolds; tissue engineering; translational medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Synoptic view of 3D organoid fabrication methods.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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