Lens-based surgical correction of presbyopia. Where are we in 2020?

Abstract

Introduction: Presbyopia is the progressive and irreversible loss of accommodation due to aging. It is one of the main causes of loss of quality of life in people from 45 years of age, due to the, often novel, dependence on spectacles. The eagerness to correct it by ophthalmologists impulsed by the desire of millions of people who suffer from it, has become one of the main drivers for the development of intraocular lens (IOL) technology over the last twenty years.

Material and methods: This review briefly presents the different alternatives that have allowed us to improve the crystalline lens surgical approach of presbyopia; from monofocal lenses and monovision technique, accommodative, refractive, and diffractive multifocal lenses, and finally the most recent extended depth of focus/field lenses known as EDOFs.

Results: Each IOL has its advantages, limitations and disadvantages. Furthermore, there is no single lens that suits the needs of all patients.

Conclusions: It is necessary to know the variety of lenses available, and to have an in-depth understanding of their optical properties, as well as the impact that these will have later on their clinical performance and on the visual quality of the patients. This should help us to select the best alternative for each of them.

Keywords: Accommodative lenses; Blended vision; Cirugía cristaliniana; EDOF lenses; Facoemulsificación; Intraocular multifocal lenses; Lens surgery; Lentes EDOF; Lentes acomodativas; Lentes intraoculares multifocales; Monovision; Monovisón; Phacoemulsification; Visión combinada.