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. 2020 Dec 31;39(4):441-450.
doi: 10.23876/j.krcp.19.126.

Relationship between serum total carbon dioxide concentration and bicarbonate concentration in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Keiji Hirai  1 , Susumu Ookawara  1 , Junki Morino  1 , Saori Minato  1 , Shohei Kaneko  1 , Katsunori Yanai  1 , Hiroki Ishii  1 , Momoko Matsuyama  1 , Taisuke Kitano  1 , Mitsutoshi Shindo  1 , Haruhisa Miyazawa  1 , Kiyonori Ito  1 , Yuichirou Ueda  1 , Tatsuro Watano  2 , Shinji Fujino  2 , Kiyoka Omoto  2 , Yoshiyuki Morishita  1
Affiliations

Relationship between serum total carbon dioxide concentration and bicarbonate concentration in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Keiji Hirai et al. Kidney Res Clin Pract. .

Abstract

Background: Few studies have investigated the relationship between serum total carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) concentration in patients undergoing hemodialysis. We determined the agreement and discrepancy between serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentrations and the diagnostic accuracy of serum total CO2 for the prediction of low (HCO3- < 24 mEq/L) and high (HCO3- ≥ 24 mEq/L) bicarbonate concentrations in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: One hundred forty-nine arteriovenous blood samples from 84 hemodialysis patients were studied. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine factors correlated with HCO3- concentration. Diagnostic accuracy of serum total CO2 was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and a 2 × 2 table. Agreement between serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentrations was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis.

Results: Serum total CO2 concentration was closely correlated with HCO3- concentration (β = 0.858, P < 0.001). Area under the curve of serum total CO2 for the identification of low and high bicarbonate concentrations was 0.989. Use of serum total CO2 to predict low and high bicarbonate concentrations had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 50.0%, positive predictive value of 96.5%, negative predictive value of 100%, and accuracy of 96.6%. Bland-Altman analysis showed moderate agreement between serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentrations. Discrepancies between HCO3- and serum total CO2 concentrations (serum total CO2 - HCO3- ≤ -1) were observed in 89 samples.

Conclusion: Serum total CO2 concentration is closely correlated with HCO3- concentration in hemodialysis patients. However, there is a non-negligible discrepancy between serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentrations.

Keywords: Acid base balance; Bicarbonate; Hemodialysis; Serum total carbon dioxide.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest

All authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Relationship between serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentration.
CO2, carbon dioxide; HCO3-, bicarbonate ion.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Receiver operating characteristic curve of serum total CO2 for the identification of low (HCO3- < 24 mEq/L) and high (HCO3- ≥ 24 mEq/L) bicarbonate concentrations.
AUC, area under the curve; CO2, carbon dioxide; HCO3-, bicarbonate ion.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Bland-Altman analyses of the agreement between serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentration, and between serum total CO2 and blood-gas total CO2 concentration.
(A) Bland-Altman plot comparing serum total CO2 and HCO3- concentration. (B) Bland-Altman plot comparing serum total CO2 and blood-gas total CO2 concentration. CO2, carbon dioxide; HCO3-, bicarbonate ion; SD, standard deviation.
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