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Comment
. 2021 Jan;82(1):e19-e21.
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.042. Epub 2020 Aug 29.

CCL28 mucosal expression in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with diarrhea in relation to disease severity

Yan Yan  1 , Xiufeng Jiang  2 , Xu Wang  3 , Bin Liu  3 , Hui Ding  3 , Mengjun Jiang  4 , Zhenkun Yang  4 , Yaping Dai  3 , Difei Ding  3 , Hui Yu  3 , Shiliang Zhang  3 , Jun Liu  3 , Mingchao Sha  3 , Chunyan Lui  3 , Yuanwang Qiu  5 , Hongzhou Lu  6 , Qinxue Hu  7
Affiliations
Comment

CCL28 mucosal expression in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with diarrhea in relation to disease severity

Yan Yan et al. J Infect. 2021 Jan.
No abstract available

Keywords: CCL28; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; diarrhea; mucosal immunity.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Diarrhea status and CCL28 mRNA expression levels in posterior oropharyngeal mucosa samples. A. Expression diagram of CCL28 mucosal chemokine in the human body. CCL28, in orange, is expressed in salivary, parotid gland, mammary glands, intestinal mucosa, posterior oropharyngeal mucosa and some other mucosa tissues. B. Comparison of diarrhea rates in three cohorts. C. Comparison of diarrhea rates in severe and mildly ill patients. D. Comparison of blood T lymphocyte counts in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with and without diarrhea. E. Comparison of CCL28 mRNA expression levels in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with diarrhea, SARS-CoV-2-infected patients without diarrhea and patient with fever. CCL28 and housekeeping gene detections were carried out by real-time RT-PCR in conjunction with 2 × SYBR Green PCR Master Mix. PCR primers for human CCL28 were designed as follows: 5′-CCA TAC TTC CCA TTG CCT CC-3′ (sense) and 5′-GAT TCT TCT GCG CTT GAC-3′ (antisense), yielding a 152 bp product. The housekeeping gene GAPDH was used as an internal control for the examination of human gene expression; the primer sequences used for GAPDH were 5′-AAG AAG GTG GTG AAG CAG G-3′ (sense) and 5′-GTC AAA GGT GGA GGA GTG G-3′ (antisense), yielding a 114 bp product. Fold changes in CCL28 mRNA expression levels in mucosa were determined and graphed as 2−ΔΔCt, where -ΔΔCt = - [(CtCCL28unknown-CtGAPDH unknown) - (CtCCL28 NC-CtGAPDH NC)]. F. The difference in CCL28 mRNA expression levels before and after diarrhea. For the calculation, a 2−ΔΔCt value equal to 1 means that the Ct value was over 40 and that the expression level of the gene was below the lower limit of detection. Statistical analyses were performed using the unpaired t-test to compare lymphocyte counts and CCL28 expression levels. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). AP value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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