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. 2020 Sep;27(9):2261-2268.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.047. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

In vitro antibacterial activities of methanol and aqueous leave extracts of selected medicinal plants against human pathogenic bacteria

Nafyad Ibrahim  1 , Ameha Kebede  2
Affiliations

In vitro antibacterial activities of methanol and aqueous leave extracts of selected medicinal plants against human pathogenic bacteria

Nafyad Ibrahim et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Sep.

Abstract

People use medicinal plants as diet, and for treatment of infectious and noninfectious diseases and they use brief procedures like frying and cooking to do so. Medicinal plants; Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica, and Lepidium sativum which is believed to have active components that help to treat and manage various diseases were investigated for their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Streptococcus agalactiae and Shigella boydii. Solvent methanol and aqueous were used for extraction of crudes by means of maceration. Susceptibility testing was determined by using disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth dilution method. Heat treated plant material activity against test pathogen was aimed to identify resistance capacity of plant material at different interval of time and temperature. All plant extracts under study was active against all tested pathogen after exposure to 45 °C for 30 min. The antibacterial activities of the non-heat-treated extracts of Azadirachta indica were relatively low; the results of this study show that extracts of Azadirachta indica have better residual antibacterial activities. Methanol extracts of all plant leaves showed highest activity as compared to the aqueous extracts. This is probably assigning the choice of extraction solvent for extracting desired active phytochemical from plants. Many of the people in the study area were illiterate and they did not have awareness about the ways use of medicinal plants. They use the medicinal plants by cooking and frying for different purposes. In the main, plant material can be affected as the temperature of treatment is increases with respect to various times of exposures.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Disc diffusion; Heat treatment; Medicinal plants; Salmonella Typhi.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The antibacterial activities of untreated leaf extracts on pathogenic bacteria.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The antibacterial activities of heat-treated leaf extracts against pathogenic bacteria.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Percentages mean residual antibacterial activity.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The MIC of crude leaf extracts against four pathogenic bacteria.
Fig. A1
Fig. A1
Crude sample preparation.
Fig. A2
Fig. A2
Crude powder preparation by using Lyophilizer.
Fig. A3
Fig. A3
Antibacterial test and recorded results.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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