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Review
. 2020 Jul 30;12(7):e9484.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.9484.

Current Trends Featuring the Bridge Between Stroke and End-Stage Renal Disease: A Review

Radhika Akku  1 , Thulasi Priya Jayaprakash  1 , Olisaemeka D Ogbue  1 , Parul Malhotra  2   3 , Safeera Khan  1
Affiliations
Review

Current Trends Featuring the Bridge Between Stroke and End-Stage Renal Disease: A Review

Radhika Akku et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

The relationship between end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and cerebral stroke is graded and cumulative, having a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Ischemic stroke is more prevalent than hemorrhagic stroke and both stroke types have modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. The presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation (AF) before stroke occurrence in dialysis patients has a significant impact on the outcomes such as a discharge to rehabilitation, in-hospital mortality with the worst prognosis when compared to the general population. ESRD patients with either peritoneal or hemodialysis (HD) are at increased risk of stroke than the general population, with a high mortality rate at the commencement of dialysis and gradually decreases. Primary and secondary prevention of risk factors plays a significant role in this susceptible population and helps to mitigate better treatment and outcomes. Our review article focuses on the mechanisms, outcomes, treatment, and preventive aspects of stroke in the ESRD population.

Keywords: end-stage renal disease (esrd); stroke complications.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Risk factors for stroke in ESRD patients.
CVD: cardiovascular disease, ESRD: end-stage renal disease.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Pathogenesis of stroke and ESRD.
ESRD: end-stage renal disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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