Reflections on the past two decades of neuroscience

Danielle S Bassett^{1

2

3

4

5

6}, Kathleen E Cullen^{7

8

9}, Simon B Eickhoff^{10

11}, Martha J Farah¹², Yukiko Goda¹³, Patrick Haggard¹⁴, Hailan Hu^{15

16}, Yasmin L Hurd^{17

18}, Sheena A Josselyn^{19

20

21}, Baljit S Khakh²², Jürgen A Knoblich²³, Panayiota Poirazi²⁴, Russell A Poldrack²⁵, Marco Prinz^{26

27

28}, Pieter R Roelfsema^{29

30

31}, Tara L Spires-Jones³², Mriganka Sur³³, Hiroki R Ueda^{34

35}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
² Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁴ Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁵ Department Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁶ Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁷ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. kathleen.cullen@jhu.edu.
⁸ Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. kathleen.cullen@jhu.edu.
⁹ Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. kathleen.cullen@jhu.edu.
¹⁰ Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. simon.eickhoff@uni-duesseldorf.de.
¹¹ Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany. simon.eickhoff@uni-duesseldorf.de.
¹² Center for Neuroscience & Society, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mfarah@psych.upenn.edu.
¹³ Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan. yukiko.goda@riken.jp.
¹⁴ Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK. p.haggard@ucl.ac.uk.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. huhailan@zju.edu.cn.
¹⁶ The MOE Frontier Research Center of Brain & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Hangzhou, China. huhailan@zju.edu.cn.
¹⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. yasmin.hurd@mssm.edu.
¹⁸ Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. yasmin.hurd@mssm.edu.
¹⁹ Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont., Canada. sheena.josselyn@sickkids.ca.
²⁰ Department of Psychology, Physiology & Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. sheena.josselyn@sickkids.ca.
²¹ Brain, Mind & Consciousness Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ont., Canada. sheena.josselyn@sickkids.ca.
²² Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. bkhakh@mednet.ucla.edu.
²³ Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria. juergen.knoblich@imba.oeaw.ac.at.
²⁴ Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece. poirazi@imbb.forth.gr.
²⁵ Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. poldrack@stanford.edu.
²⁶ Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
²⁷ Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
²⁸ Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
²⁹ Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.roelfsema@nin.knaw.nl.
³⁰ Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.roelfsema@nin.knaw.nl.
³¹ Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.roelfsema@nin.knaw.nl.
³² Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. tara.spires-jones@ed.ac.uk.
³³ Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. msur@mit.edu.
³⁴ Department of Systems Pharmacology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. uedah-tky@umin.ac.jp.
³⁵ Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN BDR, Suita, Osaka, Japan. uedah-tky@umin.ac.jp.

PMID: 32879507
DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0363-6

Review

Reflections on the past two decades of neuroscience

Danielle S Bassett et al. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2020 Oct.

. 2020 Oct;21(10):524-534.

doi: 10.1038/s41583-020-0363-6. Epub 2020 Sep 2.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
² Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁴ Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁵ Department Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁶ Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA. dsb@seas.upenn.edu.
⁷ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. kathleen.cullen@jhu.edu.
⁸ Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. kathleen.cullen@jhu.edu.
⁹ Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. kathleen.cullen@jhu.edu.
¹⁰ Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. simon.eickhoff@uni-duesseldorf.de.
¹¹ Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany. simon.eickhoff@uni-duesseldorf.de.
¹² Center for Neuroscience & Society, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mfarah@psych.upenn.edu.
¹³ Laboratory for Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan. yukiko.goda@riken.jp.
¹⁴ Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK. p.haggard@ucl.ac.uk.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. huhailan@zju.edu.cn.
¹⁶ The MOE Frontier Research Center of Brain & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Hangzhou, China. huhailan@zju.edu.cn.
¹⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. yasmin.hurd@mssm.edu.
¹⁸ Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. yasmin.hurd@mssm.edu.
¹⁹ Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont., Canada. sheena.josselyn@sickkids.ca.
²⁰ Department of Psychology, Physiology & Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. sheena.josselyn@sickkids.ca.
²¹ Brain, Mind & Consciousness Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ont., Canada. sheena.josselyn@sickkids.ca.
²² Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. bkhakh@mednet.ucla.edu.
²³ Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria. juergen.knoblich@imba.oeaw.ac.at.
²⁴ Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece. poirazi@imbb.forth.gr.
²⁵ Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. poldrack@stanford.edu.
²⁶ Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
²⁷ Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
²⁸ Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
²⁹ Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.roelfsema@nin.knaw.nl.
³⁰ Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.roelfsema@nin.knaw.nl.
³¹ Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.roelfsema@nin.knaw.nl.
³² Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. tara.spires-jones@ed.ac.uk.
³³ Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. msur@mit.edu.
³⁴ Department of Systems Pharmacology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. uedah-tky@umin.ac.jp.
³⁵ Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN BDR, Suita, Osaka, Japan. uedah-tky@umin.ac.jp.

PMID: 32879507
DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0363-6

Abstract

The first issue of Nature Reviews Neuroscience was published 20 years ago, in 2000. To mark this anniversary, in this Viewpoint article we asked a selection of researchers from across the field who have authored pieces published in the journal in recent years for their thoughts on notable and interesting developments in neuroscience, and particularly in their areas of the field, over the past two decades. They also provide some thoughts on current lines of research and questions that excite them.

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Reflections on the past two decades of neuroscience

Affiliations

Reflections on the past two decades of neuroscience

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