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. 2020 Sep 1;11(9):1027.
doi: 10.3390/genes11091027.

A Highly Polymorphic Panel Consisting of Microhaplotypes and Compound Markers with the NGS and Its Forensic Efficiency Evaluations in Chinese Two Groups

Xiaoye Jin  1   2   3 , Xingru Zhang  1   2   3 , Chunmei Shen  4 , Yanfang Liu  5 , Wei Cui  1   2   3 , Chong Chen  1   2   3 , Yuxin Guo  1   2   3 , Bofeng Zhu  1   2   5
Affiliations

A Highly Polymorphic Panel Consisting of Microhaplotypes and Compound Markers with the NGS and Its Forensic Efficiency Evaluations in Chinese Two Groups

Xiaoye Jin et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

Novel genetic markers like microhaplotypes and compound markers show promising potential in forensic research. Based on previously reported single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion/deletion (InDel) polymorphism loci, 29 genetic markers including 22 microhaplotypes and seven compound markers were identified. Genetic distributions of the 29 loci in five continental populations, Kazak and Mongolian groups in China were investigated. We found that the expected heterozygosity values of these 29 loci were >0.4 in these populations, indicating these loci were relatively high polymorphisms. Population genetic analyses of five continental populations showed that five loci displayed relatively high genetic variations among these continental populations and could be useful markers for ancestry analysis. In summary, the 29 loci displayed relatively high genetic diversities in continental populations and Chinese two groups and could be informative loci for forensic research.

Keywords: Kazak; Mongolian; compound marker; forensic research; microhaplotype.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors stated that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Physical positions of the 29 loci in different chromosomes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Boxplots of (a) expected heterozygosity and (b) polymorphism information content of the 29 loci in five continental populations.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Principal component analysis of five continental populations at (a) PC1 and PC2 and (b) PC1 and PC3 based on the same 29 loci.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Genetic structure analyses of five continental populations at (a) K = 2–5 and (b) L(K) value of each K based on the same 29 loci.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Haplotypic frequencies and the effective number of alleles at the 29 loci in (a) Kazak and (b) Mongolian groups. Stacked histogram indicated haplotypic frequencies of the 29 loci; the triangles in stacked histograms indicated the effective number of alleles at the 29 loci.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Cumulative match probability and probability of exclusion values of the 29 loci in (a) Kazak and (b) Mongolian groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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