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Review
. 2021 Jul;199(7):2475-2481.
doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02377-4. Epub 2020 Sep 8.

A Review on the Serum Electrolytes and Trace Elements Role in the Pathophysiology of COVID-19

Mohammad Taheri  1 , Ali Bahrami  2   3 , Parisa Habibi  4 , Fatemeh Nouri  5
Affiliations
Review

A Review on the Serum Electrolytes and Trace Elements Role in the Pathophysiology of COVID-19

Mohammad Taheri et al. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Jul.

Abstract

All the world is involved in the COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus is a positive-sense RNA and has an envelope. There is no specific drug for this disease and treatment methods are limited. Malnutrition and electrolyte imbalance can make dysfunction in the immune system and impairment of the immune system causes increasing the risk of infection. Understanding the aspects of biological features of the virus will help the development of diagnostic tests, pharmacological therapies, and vaccines. Here, we review and discuss increasing and decreasing some trace elements and imbalance of serum and plasma electrolytes involving in COVID-19.

Keywords: Covid-19; Electrolytes; Micronutrients; Trace elements.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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