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Review
. 2020 Sep 9;20(10):53.
doi: 10.1007/s11892-020-01336-6.

Dyslipidemia in Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bhuvana Sunil  1 , Ambika P Ashraf  2
Affiliations
Review

Dyslipidemia in Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bhuvana Sunil et al. Curr Diab Rep. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a major cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Dyslipidemia is prevalent in children with T2D and is a known risk factor for CVD. In this review, we critically examine the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and recommendations for dyslipidemia management in pediatric T2D.

Recent findings: Dyslipidemia is multifactorial and related to poor glycemic control, insulin resistance, inflammation, and genetic susceptibility. Current guidelines recommend lipid screening after achieving glycemic control and annually thereafter. The desired lipid goals are low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 100 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) > 35 mg/dL, and triglycerides (TG) < 150 mg/dL. If LDL-C remains > 130 mg/dL after 6 months, statins are recommended with a treatment goal of < 100 mg/dL. If fasting TG are > 400 mg/dL or non-fasting TG are > 1000 mg/dL, fibrates are recommended. Although abnormal levels of atherogenic TG-rich lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B, and non-HDL-C are commonly present in pediatric T2D, their measurement is not currently considered in risk assessment or management.

Keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Dyslipidemia; Insulin resistance; Pediatric; Type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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