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. 2021 Feb;126(2):168-174.e3.
doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.09.003. Epub 2020 Sep 8.

Trends in US hospitalizations for anaphylaxis among infants and toddlers: 2006 to 2015

Lacey B Robinson  1 , Anna Chen Arroyo  2 , Mohammad Kamal Faridi  3 , Susan A Rudders  4 , Carlos A Camargo Jr  5
Affiliations

Trends in US hospitalizations for anaphylaxis among infants and toddlers: 2006 to 2015

Lacey B Robinson et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Feb.

Abstract

Background: Anaphylaxis is a potentially fatal acute allergic reaction. Its overall prevalence appears to be rising, but little is known about US hospitalization trends among infants and toddlers.

Objective: To identify the trends and predictors of hospitalization for anaphylaxis among infants and toddlers.

Methods: We used the nationally representative National Inpatient Sample (NIS), from 2006 to 2015, to perform an analysis of trends in US hospitalizations for anaphylaxis among infants and toddlers (age, <3 years) and other children (age, 3-18 years). For internal consistency, we identified patients with anaphylaxis by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code and excluded those with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (late 2015). We calculated trends in anaphylaxis hospitalizations over time by age group and then used multivariable logistic regression to describe anaphylaxis hospitalizations among infants and toddlers.

Results: Among infants and toddlers, there was no significant change in anaphylaxis hospitalizations during the 10-year study period (Ptrend = .14). Anaphylaxis hospitalization among infants and toddlers was more likely in males, with private insurance, in the highest income quartile, with chronic pulmonary disease, who presented on a weekend day, to an urban teaching hospital, located in the Northeast. In contrast, anaphylaxis hospitalizations among older children (age, 3-<18 years) rose significantly during the study (Ptrend < .001).

Conclusion: Anaphylaxis hospitalizations among infants and toddlers in the United States were stable from 2006 to 2015, whereas hospitalizations among older children were rising. Future research should focus on the trends in disease prevalence and health care utilization in the understudied population of infants and toddlers.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Hospitalizations among infants and toddlers (age, <3 years) by type of allergic reaction in the United States from 2006 to 2015. Overall AAR includes codes for anaphylaxis, FIA, and FAAR. Anaphylaxis includes FIA and non–food-related anaphylaxis. Overall FAAR includes FIA and other food-related codes. AAR, acute allergic reaction; FAAR, food-induced acute allergic reaction; FIA, food-induced anaphylaxis.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Anaphylaxis hospitalizations by age group among children (age, <18 years) in the United States from 2006 to 2015.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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