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. 2020 Sep 9;25(18):4114.
doi: 10.3390/molecules25184114.

Seasonal Variability of Juniperus communis L. Berry Ethanol Extracts: 1. In Vitro Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity

Jozef Fejér  1 , Ivan Kron  2 , Daniela Gruľová  1 , Adriana Eliašová  1
Affiliations

Seasonal Variability of Juniperus communis L. Berry Ethanol Extracts: 1. In Vitro Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity

Jozef Fejér et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

In the present study, in vitro hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, total phenols and terpene contents in 70% ethanol extracts were evaluated. Samples of crushed (CB) and non-crushed ripe juniper berries (NCB) collected at five localities in North-East Slovakia during the years 2012-2014 were compared. Standard or modified methods for determining phytochemical and antioxidant activity were used together with a novel method for the evaluation of the results after the correction of the measured values per gram of dry matter (DM). Statistically significantly higher DM contents (average values for three years) were found in the CB extracts (ranging from 18.86 to 21.91 mg/mL) in comparison to those for NCB (ranging from 2.59 to 9.90 mg/mL). Depending on the localities and years, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity ranged from 15.52 to 32.85% for NCB and from 65.59 to 88.12% for CB, respectively. The contents of total phenols ranged from 43.75 to 246.75 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/L (NCB) and from 151.84 to 278.19 mg GAE/L (CB), respectively. However, the higher content of total phenols per gram of DM was found in the NCB extracts (8.49-42.23 mg GAE/g DM) and then in CB (6.87-18.77 GAE/g DM). The results obtained in this study showed a higher efficiency for extraction from juniper berries in 70% ethanol if the pericarp was disrupted in comparison to that achieved with the maceration of intact berries.

Keywords: antioxidant activity; ethanol extracts; hydroxyl radical; terpene hydrocarbons; total phenols.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Correlations between antioxidant activity and phenol content of NCB (■) extracts and CB (○) extracts.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlations between antioxidant activity and phenol content corrected by DM of NCB (■) extracts and CB (○) extracts.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between antioxidant activity and terpene content in CB extracts.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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