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Multicenter Study
. 2020 Sep 11;28(1):93.
doi: 10.1186/s13049-020-00786-x.

Real-time AI prediction for major adverse cardiac events in emergency department patients with chest pain

Pei-I Zhang  1 , Chien-Chin Hsu  2   3 , Yuan Kao  2   4 , Chia-Jung Chen  5 , Ya-Wei Kuo  6 , Shu-Lien Hsu  7 , Tzu-Lan Liu  5 , Hung-Jung Lin  2   8 , Jhi-Joung Wang  9   10 , Chung-Feng Liu  9 , Chien-Cheng Huang  11   12   13
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Real-time AI prediction for major adverse cardiac events in emergency department patients with chest pain

Pei-I Zhang et al. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. .

Abstract

Background: A big-data-driven and artificial intelligence (AI) with machine learning (ML) approach has never been integrated with the hospital information system (HIS) for predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with chest pain in the emergency department (ED). Therefore, we conducted the present study to clarify it.

Methods: In total, 85,254 ED patients with chest pain in three hospitals between 2009 and 2018 were identified. We randomized the patients into a 70%/30% split for ML model training and testing. We used 14 clinical variables from their electronic health records to construct a random forest model with the synthetic minority oversampling technique preprocessing algorithm to predict acute myocardial infarction (AMI) < 1 month and all-cause mortality < 1 month. Comparisons of the predictive accuracies among random forest, logistic regression, support-vector clustering (SVC), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) models were also performed.

Results: Predicting MACE using the random forest model produced areas under the curves (AUC) of 0.915 for AMI < 1 month and 0.999 for all-cause mortality < 1 month. The random forest model had better predictive accuracy than logistic regression, SVC, and KNN. We further integrated the AI prediction model with the HIS to assist physicians with decision-making in real time. Validation of the AI prediction model by new patients showed AUCs of 0.907 for AMI < 1 month and 0.888 for all-cause mortality < 1 month.

Conclusions: An AI real-time prediction model is a promising method for assisting physicians in predicting MACE in ED patients with chest pain. Further studies to evaluate the impact on clinical practice are warranted.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Chest pain; Emergency department; Machine learning; Major adverse cardiac events.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors denied any financial and non-financial competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart for integrating the AI prediction model for ED patients with chest pain with the HIS. AI, artificial intelligence; ED, emergency department; HIS, hospital information system; SMOTE, synthetic minority oversampling technique
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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