An official website of the United States government
The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal
government site.
The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
and transmitted securely.
1 Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2110 Zonal Ave, HMR 705 Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: Jacob@usc.edu.
1 Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2110 Zonal Ave, HMR 705 Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: Jacob@usc.edu.
Most severe cases with COVID-19, especially those with pulmonary failure, are not a consequence of viral burden and/or failure of the 'adaptive' immune response to subdue the pathogen by utilizing an adequate 'adaptive' immune defense. Rather it is a consequence of immunopathology, resulting from imbalanced innate immune response, which may not be linked to pathogen burden at all. In fact, it might be described as an autoinflammatory disease. The Kawasaki-like disease seen in children with SARS-CoV-2 exposure might be another example of similar mechanism.
The Disintegration of the Persistence of Memory (1954) (RT) by Salvador Dali is…
Fig. 1
The Disintegration of the Persistence of Memory (1954) (RT) by Salvador Dali is an oil on canvas reaction to his original work The Persistence of Memory (1931). In this version, the landscape from the first painting has been engulfed by water. Disintegration of objects is occurring above and below the water. The block and plane from his original (LT) have now been separated into brick-like objects that float. Some of the bricks on the left side of the painting begin to disintegrate. A watch beneath the water is coming to pieces and another one that sunk beneath the layer of bricks, leaves bits of debris behind. While Persistence of Memory (LT) symbolizes the importance of immunological memory as cornerstone of adaptive immunity, the Disintegration of the Persistence of Memory (RT) is a metaphor for the adaptive immune response in COVID-19 [128].
Gorbalenya A.E., the Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses The species severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nat. Microbiol. 2020;5:536–544.
-
PMC
-
PubMed
Masters P.S. The molecular biology of coronaviruses. Adv. Virus Res. 2006;66:193–292.
-
PMC
-
PubMed
Fehr A.R., Perlman S. Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis. Methods Mol. Biol. 2015;1282:1–23.
-
PMC
-
PubMed
Hamre D., Procknow J.J. A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1966;121(1):190–193.
-
PubMed
McIntosh K., Dees J.H., Becker W.B., Kapikian A.Z., Chanock R.M. Recovery in tracheal organ cultures of novel viruses from patients with respiratory disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1967;57:933–940.
-
PMC
-
PubMed
