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. 2018 Dec 14;5(1):164.
doi: 10.18063/ijb.v5i1.164. eCollection 2019.

Electrohydrodynamic printing process monitoring by microscopic image identification

Jie Sun  1 , Linzhi Jing  2   3 , Xiaotian Fan  4 , Xueying Gao  4 , Yung C Liang  3   4
Affiliations

Electrohydrodynamic printing process monitoring by microscopic image identification

Jie Sun et al. Int J Bioprint. .

Erratum in

  • ERRATUM.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Int J Bioprint. 2020 Sep 17;6(4):309. doi: 10.18063/ijb.v6i4.309. eCollection 2020. Int J Bioprint. 2020. PMID: 33102924 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP) is able to precisely manipulate the position, size, and morphology of micro-/nano-fibers and fabricate high-resolution scaffolds using viscous biopolymer solutions. However, less attention has been paid to the influence of EHDP jet characteristics and key process parameters on deposited fiber patterns. To ensure the printing quality, it is very necessary to establish the relationship between the cone shapes and the stability of scaffold fabrication process. In this work, we used a digital microscopic imaging technique to monitor EHDP cones during printing, with subsequent image processing algorithms to extract related features, and a recognition algorithm to determine the suitability of Taylor cones for EHDP scaffold fabrication. Based on the experimental data, it has been concluded that the images of EHDP cone modes and the extracted features (centroid, jet diameter) are affected by their process parameters such as nozzle-substrate distance, the applied voltage, and stage moving speed. A convolutional neural network is then developed to classify these EHDP cone modes with the consideration of training time consumption and testing accuracy. A control algorithm will be developed to regulate the process parameters at the next stage for effective scaffold fabrication.

Keywords: convolutional neural network; electrohydrodynamic jetting; image processing; scaffold fabrication.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP) setup and the monitoring system. (A) Schematic diagram of EHDP setup and monitoring system (B) Taylor cone.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Standard electrohydrodynamic printing cone shape, (B) cone-jet region with helical deformation, (C) diverse deposited non-straight fiber patterns (scale bar: 200 μm).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of the applied voltage on centroid and diameter under varied distance (65 wt/v% polycaprolactone, feed rate = 0.7 μl/min, stage speed = 150 mm/s). (A) Effect of voltage and distance on centroid. (B) Effect of voltage and distance on diameter
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of the applied voltage on the deposited fiber patterns (65 wt/v% polycaprolactone, stage speed = 150 mm/s, D = 3 mm). (A) 2.6–3 kV. (B) 3.2 kV. (C) 3.4 kV
Figure 5
Figure 5
Electrohydrodynamic printing jet under varied stage speed (65 wt/v% polycaprolactone, V = 3 kV) (A) 50 mm/s; (B)100 mm/s; (C) 150 mm/s; (D) 200 mm/s; (E) 250 mm/s; (F) 300 mm/s
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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