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Multicenter Study
. 2022 Sep 1;16(5):643-648.
doi: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000001049. Epub 2020 Sep 7.

ANGIOGRAPHIC SMOKESTACK LEAKAGE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY

Bahaeddin A El Khatib  1 , Carl W Noble  1 , Luke Chang  2 , Lily Im  2 , Marena Patronas  1
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

ANGIOGRAPHIC SMOKESTACK LEAKAGE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY

Bahaeddin A El Khatib et al. Retin Cases Brief Rep. .

Abstract

Purpose: To report a series of cases with smokestack leakage on fundus fluorescein angiography outside the clinical setting of central serous chorioretinopathy.

Methods: A multicenter, observational retrospective case series evaluating fundus fluorescein angiography on Topcon and Optos systems.

Results: Seven patients with neovascularization due to ischemic retinopathy demonstrated a unique smokestack pattern of angiographic leakage. The patients' ages ranged between 44 and 71 years and were seen at 3 academic teaching hospitals in the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area. Five patients had been diagnosed with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, one with sickle cell ischemic retinopathy, and one with branch retinal artery occlusion; none of the patients had a known history or clinical signs of current or past central serous chorioretinopathy.

Conclusion: This is the first published case series to the author's knowledge of ischemic retinopathy displaying a smokestack leakage pattern on fundus fluorescein angiography that is classically described with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy.

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Conflict of interest statement

None of the authors has any financial/conflicting interests to disclose.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the right eye displays gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence along the superior aspect of the optic nerve head with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the right eye displays gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence along the superior temporal arcade with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the right eye displays gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence along the ITA with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the right eye displays gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence along the ITA with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the left eye shows gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence along the ITA with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the right eye shows gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence of the optic nerve with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.
Fundus fluorescein angiography of the left eye shows gradual enlargement of hyperfluorescence along the superior temporal arcade with leakage extending vertically into the vitreous cavity during the late phase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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