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. 2020 May 13;9(1):1754094.
doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2020.1754094.

MMP2 as an independent prognostic stratifier in oral cavity cancers

Caroline Hoffmann  1   2   3 , Sophie Vacher  1   4 , Philémon Sirven  1   2 , Charlotte Lecerf  1   5 , Lucile Massenet  1   2 , Aurélie Moreira  1   5 , Aurore Surun  6   7 , Anne Schnitzler  1   4 , Jerzy Klijanienko  1   8 , Odette Mariani  1   8   9 , Emmanuelle Jeannot  1   8 , Nathalie Badois  1   3 , Maria Lesnik  1   3 , Olivier Choussy  1   3 , Christophe Le Tourneau  1   5   10 , Maude Guillot-Delost  1   2   11 , Maud Kamal  1   5 , Ivan Bieche  1   4   12 , Vassili Soumelis  1   2   13
Affiliations

MMP2 as an independent prognostic stratifier in oral cavity cancers

Caroline Hoffmann et al. Oncoimmunology. .

Abstract

Background: Around 25% of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) are not controlled by the standard of care, but there is currently no validated biomarker to identify those patients. Our objective was to determine a robust biomarker for severe OCSCC, using a biology-driven strategy.

Patients and methods: Tumor and juxtatumor secretome were analyzed in a prospective discovery cohort of 37 OCSCC treated by primary surgery. Independent biomarker validation was performed by RTqPCR in a retrospective cohort of 145 patients with similar clinical features. An 18-gene signature (18 G) predictive of the response to PD-1 blockade was evaluated in the same cohort.

Results: Among 29 deregulated molecules identified in a secretome analysis, including chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, and molecules related to tumor growth and tissue remodeling, only soluble MMP2 was a prognostic biomarker. In our validation cohort, high levels of MMP2 and CD276, and low levels of CXCL10 and STAT1 mRNA were associated with poor prognosis in univariate analysis (Kaplan-Meier). MMP2 (p = .001) and extra-nodal extension (ENE) (p = .006) were independent biomarkers of disease-specific survival (DSS) in multivariate analysis and defined prognostic groups with 5-year DSS ranging from 36% (MMP2highENE+) to 88% (MMP2lowENE-). The expression of 18 G was similar in the different prognostic groups, suggesting comparable responsiveness to anti-PD-1.

Conclusion: High levels of MMP2 were an independent and validated prognostic biomarker, surpassing other molecules of a large panel of the tumor and immune-related processes, which may be used to select poor prognosis patients for intensified neoadjuvant or adjuvant regimens.

Keywords: Biomarker; Head and Neck; Metalloproteinase; Oral cavity; Prognosis; Secretome; Squamous cell carcinoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Tumor secretome analysis identified 29 deregulated molecules.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Soluble MMP2 is a prognostic biomarker of OCSCC, independent of T cell infiltration.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
MMP2, ENE, and stage define prognostic groups with an equivalent expression of an 18-gene signature predictive of response to PD-1 blockade.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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