Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Sep 14:10:108.
doi: 10.1186/s13578-020-00471-7. eCollection 2020.

Exosomes from oral tissue stem cells: biological effects and applications

Quan Shi #  1 , Na Huo #  1 , Xing Wang  2   3 , Shuo Yang  1 , Juncheng Wang  1 , Tong Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

Exosomes from oral tissue stem cells: biological effects and applications

Quan Shi et al. Cell Biosci. .

Abstract

As natural nanoparticles, exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles that are enclosed by a lipid bilayer and contain various cargos, including miRNA, mRNA, DNA and proteins. Exosomes have rapidly gained attention as a highly promising cell-free therapy. Because the cargo of exosomes changes with the changes in parent cells and status, exosomes from different types of cells may exhibit different biological effects. Considering the particularity of oral tissue stem cells, their exosomes were isolated and used to examine their related biological functions and the possibility of replacing stem cells. A variety of exosomes of oral tissue stem cells were studied, and the results revealed many special biological characteristics of these exosomes and their parent cells, especially immunomodulation, osteogenesis, odontogenesis, neuroprotection, nerve regeneration, wound healing, skin regeneration and vascularization. The oral tissue stem cell exosomes may be loaded with drugs or genes and act as tools for tumor treatment. The relevant results showed that exosomes from oral tissue stem cells were potent therapeutic tools. The present review focuses on the biological function and application of oral tissue stem cell-derived exosomes.

Keywords: Biology function; Exosomes; Oral tissue stem cells; Regenerative medicine.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.

References

    1. Iaquinta MR, Mazzoni E, Bononi I, Rotondo JC, Mazziotta C, Montesi M, et al. Adult stem cells for bone regeneration and repair. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2019;7:268. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00268. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Andrukhov O, Behm C, Blufstein A, Rausch-Fan X. Immunomodulatory properties of dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Implication in disease and tissue regeneration. World J Stem Cells. 2019;11(9):604–617. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i9.604. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Vizoso FJ, Eiro N, Costa L, Esparza P, Landin M, Diaz-Rodriguez P, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells in homeostasis and systemic diseases: hypothesis, evidences, and therapeutic opportunities. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(15):3738. doi: 10.3390/ijms20153738. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Zou X, Gu D, Xing X, Cheng Z, Gong D, Zhang G, et al. Human mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate renal ischemic reperfusion injury and enhance angiogenesis in rats. Am J Transl Res. 2016;8(10):4289–4299. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Herberts CA, Kwa MSG, Hermsen HPH. Risk factors in the development of stem cell therapy. J Transl Med. 2011;9:29. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-29. - DOI - PMC - PubMed