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. 2021 Jan;7(1):86-98.
doi: 10.1002/vms3.348. Epub 2020 Sep 19.

Seroprevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the Chittagong Metropolitan Area of Bangladesh

Shariful Islam  1   2   3 , Shama Ranjan Barua  1   4 , Shahnaj Parvin Moni  1 , Ariful Islam  3   5 , A K M Anisur Rahman  6 , Sharmin Chowdhury  1
Affiliations

Seroprevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the Chittagong Metropolitan Area of Bangladesh

Shariful Islam et al. Vet Med Sci. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

Brucellosis is a neglected endemic zoonosis in Bangladesh and has a significant impact on public health and animal welfare of dairy farming as well as dairy farm economics. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the seroprevalence of and risk factors for brucellosis in dairy cattle in the Chittagong metropolitan area (CMA) of Chittagong, Bangladesh. We collected serum samples (n = 158) from six randomly selected dairy farms in the CMA between February and November, 2015. The Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and a competitive ELISA (cELISA) were used as the screening and confirmatory tests respectively. Farm level and animal level demographic and risk factor data were collected using a questionnaire. The risk factors were analysed using a multivariable logistic regression with random effects. The overall seroprevalences of antibodies against brucellosis in cattle were 21.5% (34/158) and 7.6% (12/158) based on parallel and serial interpretation of the two tests respectively. Our results revealed that 20.3% (32/158) samples were positive using the RBPT and 8.9% (14/158) were positive using the cELISA. The within-herd seroprevalence ranged from 10% to 26.3% and 5 to 20.7% using the RBPT and cELISA tests respectively. The odds of seropositivity were significantly higher in lactating cows (OR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.02-6.55), cows producing less than 2 litres of milk (OR: 29.6; 95% CI: 4.3-353.8), cow producing 2-12 litres of milk (OR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.1-33.4) and cows with reproductive disorders (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.2-10.1). About 7.6% (12/158) and 1.3% (2/158) of cattle were found to be infected with acute and chronic brucellosis respectively. Based on these results, we suggest that cows that have reproductive disorders and are producing little milk should be prioritized for brucellosis screening in CMA. The screening tests should be used to control brucellosis in cattle in order to protect animal welfare, human health and to minimize the economic losses.

Keywords: RBPT; brucellosis; cELISA; lactating cows; seroprevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Distribution of cattle farms in Chittagong Metropolitan Area (n = 293)
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Geographical location and infection status of the farms by cELISA
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Plot of true positive percentage versus false positive percentage for a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the final multivariable logistic regression model of brucellosis in dairy cattle of CMA, Bangladesh
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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