Periodontitis and the impact of oral health on the quality of life of psoriatic individuals: a case-control study

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the periodontal condition and the impact of oral health on the quality of life (OHRQL) among individuals with and without psoriasis.

Methods: This case-control study comprised 295 individuals with psoriasis and 359 controls. A full mouth examination was performed for all periodontal clinical parameters. To evaluate OHRQL, the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire was applied. Data was analyzed using the chi-square, Fischer, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Bootstrap intervals tests to determine different profiles in relation to the OIDP.

Results: Individuals with psoriasis had a 1.40 greater chance of having periodontitis than controls (OR = 1.40 95%CI: 1.01-1.93; p = 0.019). Individuals with psoriasis with periodontitis (+P) had greater impacts on OHRQL (13.76 ± 15.58), when compared with those without periodontitis (-P) (4.83 ± 8.25; p < 0.001). Additionally, psoriasis +P stage III/IV patients (13.94 ± 15.68) had worse indicators than controls -P (9.49 ± 22.54; p = 0.001). The final multivariate model demonstrated higher OIDP scores related to the following variables: diabetes, anxiolytics use, periodontitis, and psoriasis, showing worse OHRQoL.

Conclusions: This study demonstrated an important risk association between psoriasis and periodontitis, as both diseases demonstrated worse OHRQL indicators. Moreover, the severity of periodontitis and psoriasis significantly increased these negative impacts.

Clinical relevance: Practical implications: Multidisciplinary interaction is desirable to improve the impact of these diseases on the QoL of individuals with psoriasis and periodontitis.

Keywords: Periodontitis; Psoriasis; Quality of life; Risk factors.