Animal models for COVID-19

César Muñoz-Fontela^{1

2}, William E Dowling³, Simon G P Funnell⁴, Pierre-S Gsell⁵, A Ximena Riveros-Balta⁵, Randy A Albrecht⁶, Hanne Andersen⁷, Ralph S Baric⁸, Miles W Carroll⁴, Marco Cavaleri⁹, Chuan Qin¹⁰, Ian Crozier¹¹, Kai Dallmeier¹², Leon de Waal¹³, Emmie de Wit¹⁴, Leen Delang¹², Erik Dohm¹⁵, W Paul Duprex¹⁶, Darryl Falzarano¹⁷, Courtney L Finch¹⁸, Matthew B Frieman¹⁹, Barney S Graham²⁰, Lisa E Gralinski⁸, Kate Guilfoyle¹³, Bart L Haagmans²¹, Geraldine A Hamilton²², Amy L Hartman¹⁶, Sander Herfst²¹, Suzanne J F Kaptein¹², William B Klimstra²³, Ivana Knezevic⁵, Philip R Krause²⁴, Jens H Kuhn¹⁸, Roger Le Grand²⁵, Mark G Lewis⁷, Wen-Chun Liu⁶, Pauline Maisonnasse²⁵, Anita K McElroy²⁶, Vincent Munster¹⁴, Nadia Oreshkova²⁷, Angela L Rasmussen²⁸, Joana Rocha-Pereira¹², Barry Rockx²¹, Estefanía Rodríguez^{1

2}, Thomas F Rogers²⁹, Francisco J Salguero⁴, Michael Schotsaert⁶, Koert J Stittelaar¹³, Hendrik Jan Thibaut¹², Chien-Te Tseng³⁰, Júlia Vergara-Alert³¹, Martin Beer³², Trevor Brasel³⁰, Jasper F W Chan³³, Adolfo García-Sastre⁶, Johan Neyts¹², Stanley Perlman³⁴, Douglas S Reed²³, Juergen A Richt³⁵, Chad J Roy³⁶, Joaquim Segalés^{31

37}, Seshadri S Vasan^{38

39}, Ana María Henao-Restrepo⁴⁰, Dan H Barouch⁴¹

Affiliations

¹ Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
² German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.
³ Centre for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), Washington, DC, USA.
⁴ National Infection Service, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK.
⁵ World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
⁶ Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
⁷ Bioqual Inc, Rockville, MD, USA.
⁸ Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁹ European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹⁰ Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking, China.
¹¹ Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
¹² KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium.
¹³ Viroclinics Xplore, Schaijk, The Netherlands.
¹⁴ Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
¹⁵ Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
¹⁷ VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
¹⁸ Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
²⁰ Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
²¹ Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
²² Emulate Inc, Boston, MA, USA.
²³ Department of Immunology, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
²⁴ Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
²⁵ Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Inserm, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
²⁶ Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
²⁷ Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR), Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
²⁸ Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia Mailman |School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
²⁹ Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
³⁰ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
³¹ Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
³² Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
³³ Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
³⁴ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
³⁵ College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
³⁶ Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA.
³⁷ Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
³⁸ Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
³⁹ Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
⁴⁰ World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. henaorestrepoa@who.int.
⁴¹ Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. dbarouch@bidmc.harvard.edu.

PMID: 32967005
PMCID: PMC8136862
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2787-6

Review

Animal models for COVID-19

César Muñoz-Fontela et al. Nature. 2020 Oct.

. 2020 Oct;586(7830):509-515.

doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2787-6. Epub 2020 Sep 23.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
² German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.
³ Centre for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), Washington, DC, USA.
⁴ National Infection Service, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK.
⁵ World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
⁶ Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
⁷ Bioqual Inc, Rockville, MD, USA.
⁸ Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁹ European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
¹⁰ Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking, China.
¹¹ Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
¹² KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium.
¹³ Viroclinics Xplore, Schaijk, The Netherlands.
¹⁴ Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
¹⁵ Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
¹⁷ VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
¹⁸ Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
²⁰ Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
²¹ Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
²² Emulate Inc, Boston, MA, USA.
²³ Department of Immunology, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
²⁴ Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
²⁵ Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Inserm, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
²⁶ Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
²⁷ Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR), Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
²⁸ Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia Mailman |School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
²⁹ Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
³⁰ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
³¹ Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
³² Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
³³ Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
³⁴ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
³⁵ College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
³⁶ Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA.
³⁷ Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
³⁸ Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
³⁹ Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
⁴⁰ World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. henaorestrepoa@who.int.
⁴¹ Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. dbarouch@bidmc.harvard.edu.

PMID: 32967005
PMCID: PMC8136862
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2787-6

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the aetiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an emerging respiratory infection caused by the introduction of a novel coronavirus into humans late in 2019 (first detected in Hubei province, China). As of 18 September 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 215 countries, has infected more than 30 million people and has caused more than 950,000 deaths. As humans do not have pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic agents and vaccines to mitigate the current pandemic and to prevent the re-emergence of COVID-19. In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) assembled an international panel to develop animal models for COVID-19 to accelerate the testing of vaccines and therapeutic agents. Here we summarize the findings to date and provides relevant information for preclinical testing of vaccine candidates and therapeutic agents for COVID-19.

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Comment in

Animal models of COVID-19 hyper-inflammation.
Gantier MP. Gantier MP. Respirology. 2021 Mar;26(3):222-224. doi: 10.1111/resp.13997. Epub 2020 Dec 21. Respirology. 2021. PMID: 33350019 No abstract available.

References

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Animal models for COVID-19

Affiliations

Animal models for COVID-19

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Comment in

References

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Full Text Sources

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