[Service strategy for the early referral to catheterization laboratory of patients admitted with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes in spoke hospitals: 5-year results of the Reggio Emilia province network]

Abstract

Background: The service strategy (same-day transfer between the spoke hospital and the hub center with catheterization laboratory facility to perform invasive procedures) has been shown to improve the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome admitted to spoke hospitals. However, few data exist about the safety of this strategy and, in particular, the safety of retransferring patients to spoke centers immediately after successful percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods: We used data from a prospective registry to retrospectively describe the application, performance and outcome of the service strategy in the daily clinical practice in our province, organized in 5 spoke hospitals and a hub center in Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Results: From January 2013 to December 2017, 1183 consecutive patients were admitted to the cath-lab in the hub center from spoke hospitals with a diagnosis of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Mean age was 68 ± 12 years, with a mean GRACE risk score of 137 ± 3. Overall, 1063 patients (90%) were managed with a service strategy. The mean time between hospital admission and access to the cath-lab for coronary artery angiography ± percutaneous coronary intervention was 46.6 h (27.5-71.2). No major adverse events (all-cause mortality, arrhythmias, or acute myocardial infarction) were observed during the back transfer from the invasive center to the referring non-invasive center. At 30 days, acute myocardial infarction was observed in 1.3% of patients and all-cause mortality was 0.5%. At 1-year follow-up, acute myocardial infarction was reported in 10% of patients and all-cause mortality was 2.8%.

Conclusions: A wide adoption of the service strategy in our provincial network in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome admitted to spoke centers allowed an early access to the cath-lab as recommended by international guidelines. The safety of the service strategy is confirmed in our experience, with no major adverse events occurring during the back transfer.