Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Sep 28;22(1):70.
doi: 10.1186/s12968-020-00663-7.

Detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in cocaine addicts with feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Alicia M Maceira  1   2 , Sara Guardiola  3 , Carmen Ripoll  4 , Juan Cosin-Sales  5 , Vicente Belloch  3 , Jose Salazar  6
Affiliations

Detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in cocaine addicts with feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Alicia M Maceira et al. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. .

Abstract

Background: Cocaine is an addictive, sympathomimetic drug with potentially lethal effects. We have previously shown with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) the presence of cardiovascular involvement in a significant percentage of consecutive asymptomatic cocaine addicts. CMR with feature-tracking analysis (CMR-FT) allows for the quantification of myocardial deformation which may detect preclinical involvement. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of cocaine on the left ventricular myocardium in a group of asymptomatic cocaine users with CMR-FT.

Methods: In a cohort of asymptomatic cocaine addicts (CA) who had been submitted to CMR at 3 T, we used CMR-FT to measure strain, strain rate and dyssynchrony index in CA with mildly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (CA-LVEFd) and in CA with preserved ejection fraction (CA-LVEFp). We also measured these parameters in 30 age-matched healthy subjects.

Results: There were no differences according to age. Significant differences were seen in global longitudinal, radial and circumferential strain, in global longitudinal and radial strain rate and in radial and circumferential dyssynchrony index among the groups, with the lowest values in CA-LVEFd and intermediate values in CA-LVEFp. Longitudinal, radial and circumferential strain values were significantly lower in CA-LVEFp with respect to controls.

Conclusions: CA-LVEFp show decreased systolic strain and strain rate values, with intermediate values between healthy controls and CA-LVEFd. Signs suggestive of dyssynchrony were also detected. In CA, CMR-FT based strain analysis can detect early subclinical myocardial involvement.

Keywords: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Cocaine; Feature tracking; Heart failure; Subclinical dysfunction.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Differences in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived left ventricular (LV) parameters among the three groups. LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic function (mL/m2), LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic function (mL/m2), LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction (%), LVM, left ventricular mass (g/m2), CAp, cocaine addicts with preserved systolic function, CAd, cocaine addicts with decreased systolic function. *, p < 0.05 on post-hoc analysis
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Differences in CMR feature tracking (CMR-FT) derived myocardial deformation parameters among the three groups. GLS, global longitudinal strain (%); GRS, global radial strain (%); GCS, global circumferential strain (%); GLSR, global longitudinal strain rate (s-1); GRSR, global radial strain rate (s-1); L-SDI, longitudinal systolic dyssynchrony index (%); R-SDI, radial systolic dyssynchrony index (%); C-SDI, circumferential systolic dyssynchrony index (%), CAp, cocaine addicts with preserved systolic function, CAd, cocaine addicts with decreased systolic function. *, p < 0.05 on post-hoc analysis
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Graphical representation of subgroup distribution with regard to the presence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). GLS, global longitudinal strain (%); GRS, global radial strain (%); GCS, global circumferential strain (%); GLSR, global longitudinal strain rate (s-1); GRSR, global radial strain rate (s-1); L-SDI, longitudinal systolic dyssynchrony index (%); R-SDI, radial systolic dyssynchrony index (%); C-SDI, circumferential systolic dyssynchrony index (%), CAp, cocaine addicts with preserved systolic function, CAd, cocaine addicts with decreased systolic function. *, p < 0.05 on post-hoc analysis
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kloner R, Rezkalla S. Cocaine and the heart. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:487–488. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp020174. - DOI - PubMed
    1. European Drug Report 2016. Trends and Developmenents. European monitoring centre for drugs and drug addiction, vol. 2016. Luxembourg; 2016.
    1. Carrillo X, Curós A, Muga R, Serra J, Bayés-Genís A. Acute coronary syndrome and cocaine use: 8-year prevalence and inhospital outcomes. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:1244–1250. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq504. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Kozor R, Grieve S, Buchholz S, Kaye S, Darke S, Bhindi R, et al. Regular cocaine use is associated with increased systolic blood pressure, aortic stiffness and left ventricular mass in young otherwise healthy individuals. PLoS One. 2014;9:e89710. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089710. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Brickner M, Willard J, Eichhorn E, Black J, Grayburn P. Left ventricular hypertrophy associated with chronic cocaine abuse. Circulation. 1991;84:1130–1135. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.84.3.1130. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms