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Review
. 2020 Sep 2:11:2132.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02132. eCollection 2020.

Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: "When You Come Out of the Storm, You Won't Be the Same Person Who Walked in"

Vanessa Castelli  1 , Annamaria Cimini  1 , Claudio Ferri  1
Affiliations
Review

Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: "When You Come Out of the Storm, You Won't Be the Same Person Who Walked in"

Vanessa Castelli et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, was discovered to be the causal agent of a severe respiratory infection named SARS-CoV-2, and it has since been recognized worldwide as a pandemic. There are still numerous doubts concerning its pathogenesis and particularly the underlying causes of the various clinical courses, ranging from severe manifestations to asymptomatic forms, including acute respiratory distress syndrome. The major factor responsible for acute respiratory distress syndrome is the so-called "cytokine storm," which is an aberrant response from the host immune system that induces an exaggerated release of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines. In this review, we will discuss the role of cytokine storm in COVID-19 and potential treatments with which counteract this aberrant response, which may be valuable in the clinical translation.

Keywords: SARS-CoV2; acute respiratory distress; coronavirus; cytokines; inflammation; severity.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Aberrant immune host response occurring during COVID-19 infection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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