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. 2020 Jul;14(2):16-22.
doi: 10.5704/MOJ.2007.002.

N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Basics, Types, and Shortage Solutions

S Srinivasan  1 , Wcg Peh  1
Affiliations

N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Basics, Types, and Shortage Solutions

S Srinivasan et al. Malays Orthop J. 2020 Jul.

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly infectious, with the current pandemic causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. As large numbers of frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) have also been infected and several have died, there is much global concern about protective measures for them, particularly those performing surgery or other procedures with close patient contact. Since the beginning of the pandemic, there has been and there remains a shortage in the supply of personal protective equipment (PPE), including the N95 filtering facepiece (FFP) respirator, for HCWs. N95 respirators have filtration efficiency of 95% of aerosol particles. Surgical N95 respirators are used where fluid resistance is also required together with respiratory protection, e.g. during surgery or interventional procedures. The shortage of N95 respirators may be overcome by extended use and reuse - comprising rotation and decontamination by approved techniques. The additional role of powered air-purifying respirators (PAPR) is also discussed.

Keywords: COVID-19; N95 respirator; coronavirus disease; filtering facepiece (FFP) respirator; personal protective equipment (PPE).

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Figures

Fig. 1:
Fig. 1:
Photographs show some types of N95 respirators. (a) Standard N95 respirator (3M – 8210 model). (b) Surgical N95 respirator (3M-1870 model). (c) Surgical N95 respirator (3M- 1860S model).
Fig. 2:
Fig. 2:
Flow diagram shows summary of methods to preserve the limited supply of N95 respirators.
Fig. 3:
Fig. 3:
Photograph shows parts of a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR). (a) Blower unit, (b) filter, (c) connection tubing, and (d) hood.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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