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Review
. 2020 Sep 25;10(4):147.
doi: 10.3390/jpm10040147.

Personalized Medicine for Antibiotics: The Role of Nanobiosensors in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Vivian Garzón  1 , Rosa-Helena Bustos  2 , Daniel G Pinacho  2
Affiliations
Review

Personalized Medicine for Antibiotics: The Role of Nanobiosensors in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Vivian Garzón et al. J Pers Med. .

Abstract

Due to the high bacterial resistance to antibiotics (AB), it has become necessary to adjust the dose aimed at personalized medicine by means of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). TDM is a fundamental tool for measuring the concentration of drugs that have a limited or highly toxic dose in different body fluids, such as blood, plasma, serum, and urine, among others. Using different techniques that allow for the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) analysis of the drug, TDM can reduce the risks inherent in treatment. Among these techniques, nanotechnology focused on biosensors, which are relevant due to their versatility, sensitivity, specificity, and low cost. They provide results in real time, using an element for biological recognition coupled to a signal transducer. This review describes recent advances in the quantification of AB using biosensors with a focus on TDM as a fundamental aspect of personalized medicine.

Keywords: biosensors; personalized medicine; therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), antibiotic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main modes of action of antibiotics (AB) and antimicrobial resistance (AR) mechanisms of bacterial cells.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Conditions, advantages, and techniques used for the implementation of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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