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. 2020 Sep 26;12(10):2951.
doi: 10.3390/nu12102951.

Red Propolis and Its Dyslipidemic Regulator Formononetin: Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Gastroprotective Effects in Rat Model of Gastric Ulcer

Marcio A A de Mendonça  1 , Ana R S Ribeiro  2 , Adriana K de Lima  1 , Gislaine B Bezerra  1 , Malone S Pinheiro  1 , Ricardo L C de Albuquerque-Júnior  1   3 , Margarete Z Gomes  1   3 , Francine F Padilha  1   3 , Sara M Thomazzi  2 , Ettore Novellino  4 , Antonello Santini  4 , Patricia Severino  1   3   5 , Eliana B Souto  6   7 , Juliana C Cardoso  1   3
Affiliations

Red Propolis and Its Dyslipidemic Regulator Formononetin: Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Gastroprotective Effects in Rat Model of Gastric Ulcer

Marcio A A de Mendonça et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Propolis has various pharmacological properties of clinical interest, and is also considered a functional food. In particular, hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis (HERP), together with its isoflavonoid formononetin, have recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with known added value against dyslipidemia. In this study, we report the gastroprotective effects of HERP (50-500 mg/kg, p.o.) and formononetin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) in ethanol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced models of rat ulcer. The volume, pH, and total acidity were the evaluated gastric secretion parameters using the pylorus ligature model, together with the assessment of gastric mucus contents. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of HERP were evaluated using the agar-well diffusion method. In our experiments, HERP (250 and 500 mg/kg) and formononetin (10 mg/kg) reduced (p < 0.001) total lesion areas in the ethanol-induced rat ulcer model, and reduced (p < 0.05) ulcer indices in the indomethacin-induced rat ulcer model. Administration of HERP and formononetin to pylorus ligature models significantly decreased (p < 0.01) gastric secretion volumes and increased (p < 0.05) mucus production. We have also shown the antioxidant and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of HERP. The obtained results indicate that HERP and formononetin are gastroprotective in acute ulcer models, suggesting a prominent role of formononetin in the effects of HERP.

Keywords: dyslipidemia; formononetin; gastric ulcer; propolis; rats.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis (HERP) and formononetin (FOR) on the ethanol-induced gastric damage; rats were pre-treated with a solution of 2% Tween 80 (vehicle), HERP (50–500 mg/kg), formononetin (10 mg/kg), or omeprazole (OMEP, 100 mg/kg) for 30 min prior to one hour treatment with absolute ethanol (1 mL). Total lesion areas were then determined and are presented as the means ± standard errors of the mean (SEM; n = 6/group); ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test; *** p < 0.001 vs. vehicle group; ## p < 0.01 and ### p < 0.001 vs. OMEP group; && p < 0.01 vs. FOR group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Macroscopic effects of HERP, formononetin, and omeprazole in ethanol-induced gastric ulcers; (B) hematoxylin/eosin-stained histological sections of gastric mucosa specimens from ethanol treated rats; representative photomicrographs were generated from the same areas and were quantified (Table 1).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chemical structure of formononetin (C16H12O4, molecular weight 268.26 g/mol).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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