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. 2020 Sep 29;12(10):2990.
doi: 10.3390/nu12102990.

Nutritional Strategies in Prediabetes: A Scoping Review of Recent Evidence

Jun Wern Yau  1 , Sze Mun Thor  1 , Amutha Ramadas  1
Affiliations

Nutritional Strategies in Prediabetes: A Scoping Review of Recent Evidence

Jun Wern Yau et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Nutritional therapy has been conventionally recommended for people with prediabetes as a method to delay or halt progression to type 2 diabetes. However, recommended nutritional strategies evolve over time. Hence, we performed a scoping review on recently reported nutritional interventions for individuals with prediabetes. Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases were searched to identify relevant research articles published within the past 10 years. Ninety-five articles involving a total of 11,211 participants were included in this review. Nutritional strategies were broadly classified into four groups: low calorie diet, low glycemic index diet, specific foods, and a combination of diet and exercise. The most frequently assessed outcomes were plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum lipid profile, body mass index and body weight. More than 50% of reported interventions resulted in significant improvements in these parameters. Nutritional interventions have demonstrated feasibility and practicality as an effective option for prediabetes management. However, the intervention variability demonstrates the challenges of a 'one-size-fits-all' approach. Investigations in genetically diverse populations and objective assessment of progression rate to diabetes are necessary to better comprehend the impact of these nutritional strategies in prediabetes.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; diet therapy; glucose intolerance; hyperglycemia; prediabetes; type 2.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow chart depicting the literature search and study selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Bar graph showing the number of included studies for each publication year.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bar graph showing the number of included studies classified according to interventions.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bar graph showing number of studies reporting selected main outcomes and their proportions that demonstrated statistically significant improvements. Note: HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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