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. 2021 Mar;7(2):393-401.
doi: 10.1002/vms3.373. Epub 2020 Oct 3.

Sequential haematological and serum biochemical changes in Black Bengal goats infected with a local isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus from Bangladesh

Shahana Begum  1 , Mohammed Nooruzzaman  1 , Azmary Hasnat  1 , Mohammad Rafiqul Islam  1 , Emdadul Haque Chowdhury  1
Affiliations

Sequential haematological and serum biochemical changes in Black Bengal goats infected with a local isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus from Bangladesh

Shahana Begum et al. Vet Med Sci. 2021 Mar.

Abstract

Background: Knowledge of sequential changes in haematobiochemical parameters of infected animals helps in the formulation of appropriate supportive therapy.

Objective: We investigated the sequential haematological and biochemical changes in peste des petits ruminants (PPR)-infected Black Bengal goats.

Methods: Goats were either infected with PPR virus (PPRV; n = 8) or sham infected with sterile phosphate-buffered saline (n = 4) via the intranasal route. Blood and sera were collected from both groups at different days post-infection (dpi) and analysed. Goats were sacrificed at different dpi and the amount of PPRV RNA in different tissues was quantified by real-time RT-PCR.

Results: The PPRV-infected goats showed mild depression and scanty nasal secretions starting at 4 dpi which became severe with high fever (106°F), dyspnoea, stomatitis, profuse orinasal discharge and diarrhoea at 9-13 dpi. PPRV RNA was detected in different tissues of infected goats. Severe lymphocytic leukopenia (at 18 dpi) was observed in infected goats. Total protein and albumin decreased in infected goats starting at 10 dpi. An elevated level of enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase) and metabolites (blood urea nitrogen and urea B) were found in infected goats starting at 7-10 dpi, suggesting damages in the liver and kidneys. PPR-infected goats showed elevated sodium and chloride ions starting at 7 dpi. The majority of infected goats were seroconverted by 14 dpi.

Conclusions: Anti-diarrheal agents, aqua solutions and other medicine to support liver and kidney functions could be considered as supportive therapy against PPRV infection.

Keywords: Black Bengal goats; PPR; electrolyte imbalance; enzymes; experimental infection; haematology.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Gradual changes in the (a) body temperature and (b) antibody titre of PPRV‐infected and healthy Black Bengal goats. (b) Data indicate mean ± SEM of 2–8 animals
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Haematological profile of PPRV‐infected Black Bengal goats. Blood samples were collected from healthy and infected goats and the (a) total erythrocyte counts, (b) packed cell volume, (c) haemoglobin level, (d) leucocyte count, (e) lymphocyte count, and (f) neutrophil count are shown. Data indicate mean ± SEM of 2–8 animals. One‐tailed Mann–Whitney test. p ≤ 0.05 indicates statistical significance
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The serum biochemical profile of PPRV‐infected Black Bengal goats. Blood samples were collected from healthy and infected goats and the amount of (a) total protein, (b) albumin, (c) glucose, (d) bilirubin, (e) BUN and (g) Urea B are shown. Data indicate mean ± SEM of 2–8 animals. One‐tailed Mann–Whitney test. p ≤ 0.05 indicates statistical significance
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Serum enzymes level in PPRV‐infected Black Bengal goats. Blood samples were collected from healthy and infected goats and the amount of (a) alkaline phosphatase, (b) creatine kinase, (c) aspartate transaminase and (d) alanine transaminase are shown. Data indicate mean ± SEM of 2–8 animals. One‐tailed Mann–Whitney test. p ≤ 0.05 indicates statistical significance
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Serum electrolyte analysis of PPRV‐infected Black Bengal goats. Blood samples were collected from healthy and infected goats and the amount of (a) sodium, (b) chloride, (c) potassium, (d) calcium and (e) phosphorus are shown. Data indicate mean ± SEM of 2–8 animals. One‐tailed Mann–Whitney test. p ≤ 0.05 indicates statistical significance
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