Five-Year Outcomes of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty for the Treatment of Obesity

Abstract

Background and aims: The growing burden of obesity as a chronic disease necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. There has been an increase in the number of available endoscopic therapies for weight management with endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) proving to be one of the best options. The long-term efficacy of ESG for management of obesity is not known. This study sought to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of ESG for treatment of obesity.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Participants underwent ESG in a single academic center, and were prospectively enrolled. All procedures were performed by the same therapeutic endoscopist. Patients with a body mass index of >30 kg/m2 (or >27 with comorbidities), who underwent ESG from August 2013 to August 2019 for treatment of obesity were enrolled. Patients were followed for up to 5 years after their procedure. The primary outcome was weight loss at 5 years after the procedure (% total body weight loss, TBWL) RESULTS: 216 patients (68% female) with a mean age of 46±13 years, and mean BMI of 39±6 kg/m² underwent ESG. Out of 216 patients, 203, 96, and 68 patients were eligible for a 1-, 3-, and 5-year follow up, with complete follow-up rates of 70%, 71%, and 82%, respectively. At 5 years, mean TBWL was 15.9% (95% CI, 11.7-20.5, p < .001) and 90 and 61% of patients maintained 5 and 10% TBWL, respectively. There was an overall rate of 1.3% moderate adverse events (AEs), without any severe or fatal AEs.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that ESG is safe and effective for treatment of obesity, with durable long-term results for at least up to 5 years after the procedure. This procedure should be considered as a reliable option for treatment of obesity.

Keywords: Bariatrics; Endoscopy; Gastroplasty; Obesity; Therapeutics.