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Review
. 2020 Sep 23:7:2382120520957649.
doi: 10.1177/2382120520957649. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.

Enhancing Mentoring in Palliative Care: An Evidence Based Mentoring Framework

Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna  1   2   3   4   5   6   7 , Lorraine Hui En Tan  1   2 , Yun Ting Ong  1   2 , Kuang Teck Tay  1   2 , Jia Min Hee  8 , Min Chiam  4 , Elisha Wan Ying Chia  1   2 , Krish Sheri  1   2 , Xiu Hui Tan  1   2 , Yao Hao Teo  1   2 , Cheryl Shumin Kow  1   2 , Stephen Mason  5 , Ying Pin Toh  8
Affiliations
Review

Enhancing Mentoring in Palliative Care: An Evidence Based Mentoring Framework

Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna et al. J Med Educ Curric Dev. .

Abstract

Background: Growing concerns over ethical issues in mentoring in medicine and surgery have hindered efforts to reinitiate mentoring for Palliative Care (PC) physicians following the easing of COVID-19 restrictions. Ranging from the misappropriation of mentee's work to bullying, ethical issues in mentoring are attributed to poor understanding and structuring of mentoring programs, underlining the need for a consistent approach to mentoring practices.

Methods: Given diverse practices across different settings and the employ of various methodologies, a novel approach to narrative reviews (NR)s is proposed to summarize, interpret, and critique prevailing data on novice mentoring. To overcome prevailing concerns surrounding the reproducibility and transparency of narrative reviews, the Systematic Evidenced Based Approach (SEBA) adopts a structured approach to searching and summarizing the included articles and employed concurrent content and thematic analysis that was overseen by a team of experts.

Results: A total of 18 915 abstracts were reviewed, 62 full text articles evaluated and 41 articles included. Ten themes/categories were ascertained identified including Nature; Stakeholders; Relationship; Approach; Environment; Benefits; Barriers; Assessments; Theories and Definitions.

Conclusion: By compiling and scrutinizing prevailing practice it is possible to appreciate the notion of the mentoring ecosystem which sees each mentee, mentor, and host organization brings with them their own microenvironment that contains their respective goals, abilities, and contextual considerations. Built around competency based mentoring stages, it is possible to advance a flexible yet consistent novice mentoring framework.

Keywords: Palliative care; medical school; medicine; mentoring; novice mentoring; palliative care education; postgraduate medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interests:The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The SEBA process.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The mentoring ecosystem.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Lee FQH, Chua WJ, Cheong CWS, et al. A systematic scoping review of rthical issues in mentoring in surgery. J Med Educ Curricular Dev. 2019;6:2382120519888915. - PMC - PubMed
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