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. 2020 Sep;6(9):e05057.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05057. Epub 2020 Sep 28.

Psychological states of Bangladeshi people four months after the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey

Abdullah Al Zubayer  1 , Md Estiar Rahman  2 , Md Bulbul Islam  3 , Sritha Zith Dey Babu  4 , Quazi Maksudur Rahman  2 , Md Rifat Al Mazid Bhuiyan  5 , Md Kamrul Ahsan Khan  6 , Md Ashraf Uddin Chowdhury  6 , Liakat Hossain  6 , Rahat Bin Habib  7
Affiliations

Psychological states of Bangladeshi people four months after the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey

Abdullah Al Zubayer et al. Heliyon. 2020 Sep.

Retraction in

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic essentially imposes psychological effects on people. As the pandemic progresses, people experience psychological trauma gradually, which can change over time. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among Bangladeshi people four months after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among Bangladeshi citizens aged ≥18 years from June 1 to June 10, 2020. The participants completed an online questionnaire examining socio-demographic variables and COVID-19 related factors, along with the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21. A total of 1146 respondents have been included in the study. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, IBM Statistics version 22.0.

Results: The prevalence of moderate to the extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress was 47.2%, 46.0%, and 32.5%, respectively, with no significant gender differences. The prevalence of anxiety and stress was significantly higher in participants aged >30 than in participants aged 18-30 years. Daily follow up COVID-19 related news, having COVID-19 symptoms so far, having contact (direct or indirect) with COVID-19 infected person, and fear of infection were significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress.

Conclusions: Sizable proportions of participants had depression, anxiety and stress four months after the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh. The findings of this study underscores the need for strategies aimed at reducing these psychological sufferings in Bangladeshi people in the context of COVID-19.

Keywords: Anxiety; Bangladeshi people; COVID-19; Depression; Psychological states; Psychology; Stress.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Figure 1
Different degrees of depression, anxiety and stress four months after the COVID-19 outbreak among Bangladeshi people.
Fig. 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress four months after the COVID-19 outbreak among Bangladeshi people.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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