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Review
. 2020 Oct 5;25(19):4554.
doi: 10.3390/molecules25194554.

The Role of Resveratrol in Mammalian Reproduction

Rolando Pasquariello  1 , Nicole Verdile  1 , Tiziana A L Brevini  2 , Fulvio Gandolfi  1 , Cristiano Boiti  3 , Massimo Zerani  3 , Margherita Maranesi  3
Affiliations
Review

The Role of Resveratrol in Mammalian Reproduction

Rolando Pasquariello et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Resveratrol is one of the most investigated natural polyphenolic compounds and is contained in more than 70 types of plants and in red wine. The widespread interest in this polyphenol derives from its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties. Several studies have established that resveratrol regulates animal reproduction. However, the mechanisms of action and the potential therapeutic effects are still unclear. This review aims to clarify the role of resveratrol in male and female reproductive functions, with a focus on animals of veterinary interest. In females, resveratrol has been considered as a phytoestrogen due to its capacity to modulate ovarian function and steroidogenesis via sirtuins, SIRT1 in particular. Resveratrol has also been used to enhance aged oocyte quality and as a gametes cryo-protectant with mainly antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. In males, resveratrol enhances testes function and spermatogenesis through activation of the AMPK pathway. Furthermore, resveratrol has been supplemented to semen extenders, improving the preservation of sperm quality. In conclusion, resveratrol has potentially beneficial effects for ameliorating ovarian and testes function.

Keywords: cryopreservation; oocyte quality; ovary function; phytoestrogens; polyphenols; reproduction; sirtuin; sperm quality; spermatozoa; testis function.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of (A) trans- and (B) cis- resveratrol.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mechanisms of action of resveratrol on silent information regulator 2 type 1 (SIRT1). Following a stressful event, resveratrol activates SIRT1 that binds different genes such as NF-kB, FOXO4, HIF 2 alpha, FOXO1, FOXO3, NBS1, and PGC-1 alpha. The activation of these genes is correlated with regulation of energy homeostasis, cell survival, gene silencing, and genomic stability.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanism of action of resveratrol in spermatozoa. Resveratrol activates the AMPK pathway, which is correlated with a higher mitochondrial function and higher activity of Glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase determining ROS equilibrium. These mechanisms protect against oxidative stress, ameliorating sperm quality and, thereby, fertility of the spermatozoa.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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