Quality of life more than 10 years after radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer-impact of time after treatment and prescription dose

Abstract

Purpose: Analysis of quality of life changes after radiotherapy with focus on the impact of time after treatment and prescription dose.

Methods: Consecutive patients were treated with doses from 70.2/1.8 Gy (n = 206) to 72/1.8-2.0 Gy (n = 176) in a single centre and surveyed using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite questionnaire.

Results: Urinary and bowel bother scores decreased 1 / 3 / 6 points and 7 / 7 / 9 points on average 1 / 5 / 10 years after RT in comparison to baseline scores. The rate of urinary (need of pads in 8% vs. 15% before vs. 10 years after RT; p = 0.01) and bowel (uncontrolled leakage of stool in 5% vs. 12% before vs. 10 years after RT; p < 0.01) incontinence, as well as rectal bleeding (4% vs. 8% before vs. 10 years after RT; p = 0.05) increased. Sexual function scores decreased (erections sufficient for intercourse in 36% vs. 12% before vs. 10 years after RT; p < 0.01). A higher dose had a statistically significant impact on urinary bother and stool incontinence, but also tended to decrease urinary continence. Age and comorbidities did not have an influence on score changes, but on baseline urinary function/bother and baseline sexual function.

Conclusion: Apart from an increasing rate of erectile dysfunction, urinary and bowel incontinence rates increased with increasing follow-up period. A higher dose was found to be associated with increased urinary problems and larger stool incontinence rates. Age and comorbidities were found to be relevant for baseline scores, but not for score changes.

Keywords: Conformal radiotherapy; Dose–response relationship; Prostate neoplasms; Quality of life.