Kineococcus vitellinus sp. nov., Kineococcus indalonis sp. nov. and Kineococcus siccus sp. nov., Isolated Nearby the Tabernas Desert (Almería, Spain)

Abstract

Three novel Gram-positive, aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, motile, non-endospore-forming, orange-pigmented bacteria designated strains T13^T, T90^T and R8^T were isolated from the Tabernas Desert biocrust (Almería, Spain). Cells of the three strains were coccus-shaped and occurred singly, in pairs or clusters. The three strains were oxidase-negative and catalase-positive, and showed a mesophilic, neutrophilic and non-halophilic metabolism. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the closest neighbours of strains T13^T, T90^T and R8^T were Kineococcus aurantiacus IFO 15268^T, Kineococcus gypseus YIM 121300^T and Kineococcus radiotolerans SRS 30216^T (98.5%, 97.1% and 97.9% gene sequence similarity, respectively). The genomes were sequenced, and have been deposited in the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ databases under the accession numbers JAAALL000000000, JAAALM000000000 and JAAALN000000000, respectively, for strains T13^T, T90^T and R8^T. The average nucleotide identity (ANIb) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values confirmed their adscription to three new species within the genus Kineococcus. The genomic G + C content of strains T13^T, T90^T and R8^T ranged from 75.1% to 76.3%. The predominant fatty acid of all three strains was anteiso-C_15:0. According to a polyphasic study, strains T13^T, T90^T and R8^T are representatives of three new species in the genus Kineococcus, for which names Kineococcus vitellinus sp. nov. (type strain T13^T = CECT 9936^T = DSM 110024^T), Kineococcus indalonis sp. nov. (type strain T90^T = CECT 9938^T = DSM 110026^T) and Kineococcus siccus sp. nov. (type strain R8^T = CECT 9937^T = DSM 110025^T) are proposed.

Keywords: Kineococcus indalonis; Kineococcus siccus; Kineococcus vitellinus; Tabernas Desert; biocrust; new taxa.

Figure 1

Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between strains T13^T, T90^T, R8^T and other members of the family Kineosporiaceae based on 16S rRNA sequences. The optimal evolutionary model of nucleotide substitution applied was Tamura–Nei G+I. Numbers at branch points refer to bootstrap percentages based on 500 replicates (values under 50% are not indicated). Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans DSM 10331^T (CP001631) was used as an outgroup. Bar 0.1 fixed nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 2

Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree showing the relationships between strains T13^T, T90^T, R8^T and other members of the family Kineosporiaceae based on 16S rRNA sequences. The evolutionary model of nucleotide substitution applied was the Kimura two-parameter model (K2P). Numbers at branch points refer to bootstrap percentages based on 1000 replicates (values under 50% are not indicated). Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans DSM 10331^T (CP001631) was used as an outgroup. Bar 0.02 fixed nucleotide substitutions per site.