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1 Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9350 Campus Point Drive, Mail Code 0970, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
2 Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9350 Campus Point Drive, Mail Code 0970, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: c1yan@health.ucsd.edu.
1 Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9350 Campus Point Drive, Mail Code 0970, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
2 Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9350 Campus Point Drive, Mail Code 0970, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: c1yan@health.ucsd.edu.
This review summarizes the challenges and adaptations that have taken place in rhinology and facial plastics in response to the ongoing coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. In particular, the prolonged exposure and manipulation of the nasal and oral cavities portend a high risk of viral transmission. We discuss evidence-based recommendations to mitigate the risk of viral transmission through novel techniques and device implementation as well as increasing conservative management of certain pathologies.
Sharma A., Tiwari S., Deb M.K. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2): a global pandemic and treatments strategies. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020:106054. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106054.
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Sharma D., Rubel K.E., Ye M.J. Cadaveric simulation of endoscopic endonasal procedures: analysis of droplet splatter patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;163(1):145–150.
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van Doremalen N., Bushmaker T., Morris D.H. Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(16):1564–1567.
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Zou L., Ruan F., Huang M. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(12):1177–1179.
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Sungnak W., Huang N., Bécavin C. SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes. Nat Med. 2020;26:681–687.
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