Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Sep 11:10:574405.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.574405. eCollection 2020.

Quantitative Visions of Reality at the Tick-Host Interface: Biochemistry, Genomics, Proteomics, and Transcriptomics as Measures of Complete Inventories of the Tick Sialoverse

Ben J Mans  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Quantitative Visions of Reality at the Tick-Host Interface: Biochemistry, Genomics, Proteomics, and Transcriptomics as Measures of Complete Inventories of the Tick Sialoverse

Ben J Mans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. .

Abstract

Species have definitive genomes. Even so, the transcriptional and translational products of the genome are dynamic and subject to change over time. This is especially true for the proteins secreted by ticks at the tick-host feeding interface that represent a complex system known as the sialoverse. The sialoverse represent all of the proteins derived from tick salivary glands for all tick species that may be involved in tick-host interaction and the modulation of the host's defense mechanisms. The current study contemplates the advances made over time to understand and describe the complexity present in the sialoverse. Technological advances at given periods in time allowed detection of functions, genes, and proteins enabling a deeper insight into the complexity of the sialoverse and a concomitant expansion in complexity with as yet, no end in sight. The importance of systematic classification of the sialoverse is highlighted with the realization that our coverage of transcriptome and proteome space remains incomplete, but that complete descriptions may be possible in the future. Even so, analysis and integration of the sialoverse into a comprehensive understanding of tick-host interactions may require further technological advances given the high level of expected complexity that remains to be uncovered.

Keywords: proteome; salivary gland; sialome; sialoverse; tick; transcriptome.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Time line to indicate the major technological advances that improved our estimation of complexity of salivary gland proteins.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proteomics of tick transcriptomes. Indicated is the percentage of proteins identified using proteomics relative to the transcriptome database used for identification.
Figure 3
Figure 3
BUSCO analysis of tick salivary gland transcriptomes. Indicated are various published tick transcriptomes and their BUSCO analysis. Complete genes were detected as single copies (single) or multiple copies (duplicated). Genes that are fragmented or missing are also reported.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Alarcon-Chaidez F. J., Sun J., Wikel S. K. (2007). Transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of Dermacentor andersoni Stiles (Acari: Ixodidae). Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 37, 48–71. 10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.10.002 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Aljamali M. N., Hern L., Kupfer D., Downard S., So S., Roe B. A., et al. (2009). Transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of the female tick Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae). Insect Mol. Biol. 18, 129–154. 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00863.x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Anatriello E., Ribeiro J. M., de Miranda-Santos I. K., Brandão L. G., Anderson J. M., Valenzuela J. G., et al. (2010). An insight into the sialotranscriptome of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. BMC Genomics 11:450. 10.1186/1471-2164-11-450 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Andreotti R., Giachetto P. F., Cunha R. C. (2018). Advances in tick vaccinology in Brazil: from gene expression to immunoprotection. Front. Biosci. 10, 127–142. 10.2741/s504 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Antunes S., Couto J., Ferrolho J., Sanches G. S., Merino Charrez J. O., De la Cruz Hernández N., et al. (2019). Transcriptome and proteome response of Rhipicephalus annulatus tick vector to Babesia bigemina infection. Front. Physiol. 10:318. 10.3389/fphys.2019.00318 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources