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. 2019 Apr 20;6(4):479-489.
doi: 10.1364/optica.6.000479.

Light scattering methods for tissue diagnosis

Zachary A Steelman  1 , Derek S Ho  1 , Kengyeh K Chu  1 , Adam Wax  1
Affiliations

Light scattering methods for tissue diagnosis

Zachary A Steelman et al. Optica. .

Abstract

Light scattering has become a common biomedical research tool, enabling diagnostic sensitivity to myriad tissue alterations associated with disease. Light-tissue interactions are particularly attractive for diagnostics due to the variety of contrast mechanisms that can be used, including spectral, angle-resolved, and Fourier-domain detection. Photonic diagnostic tools offer further benefit in that they are non-ionizing, non-invasive, and give real-time feedback. In this review, we summarize recent innovations in light scattering technologies, with a focus on clinical achievements over the previous ten years.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
(Left) (a) Illustration demonstrating an endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration procedure for optical biopsy of the pancreas using LSS. (b) Endoscopic ultrasound image of the needle probe penetrating the cyst. (c) Spectra collected from two distinct source-detector separations, and (d) backscattering component obtained from the LSS spectrum. (Top Right) (a) Comparison of standard biopsy forceps with integrated dual-fiber probe forceps for ESS, and (b) use of forceps for polyp assessment using ESS. (Bottom Right) (a) Conventional OCT image, and (b) molecular imaging true-colour spectroscopic OCT, which uses a dualwindow method for spectral analysis. Reproduced with permission refs. [18, 32, 40]. 2015, Elsevier, and 2017, 2011, Springer Nature.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Instruments for studying angular scattering from cellular and tissue samples: (A) Goniometric system, (B) four-dimensional elastic light-scattering fingerprints, and (C) angle-resolved low coherence interferometry. Reproduced with permission from refs. [61, 65, 66] 2002, 2011 SPIE and 2004, Elsevier.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
(Left) (a) Setup for diffraction phase microscopy, which enables Fourier transform light scattering. (b) Amplitude image, and (c) phase maps of polymethyl methacrylate spheres, with (d) the associated light scattering pattern computed from the phase image. (Right) Instrumentation schematic for spatial frequency-domain imaging. Reproduced with permission from refs. [91, 92] 2012, The Optical Society, and 2009, SPIE.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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